含烷氧基取代的三唑类结构的尿酸转运体1抑制剂的高效合成方法  

Efficient Synthetic Approaches to Uric Acid Transporter 1 Inhibitors Bearing Alkoxyl Group-Substituted Triazoles

作　　者：田禾[1] 吴景卫 刘钰强 谢亚非[2] 王建武[1] 赵桂龙[2] Wang Jianwu Zhao Guilong(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193)

机构地区：[1]山东大学化学与化工学院,济南250100 [2]天津药物研究院天津市新药设计与发现重点实验室,天津300193

出　　处：《有机化学》2017年第7期1748-1756,共9页Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry

基　　金：天津市科技支撑计划重点项目基金(No.16YFZCSY00910);山东省自然科学基金(No.16YFZCSY00910)资助项目~~

摘　　要：含烷氧基取代的三唑类结构的尿酸转运体1(URAT1)抑制剂3-(4-(4-环丙基萘-1-基)-5-甲氧基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙酸(1a)和3-[4-(4-环丙基萘-1-基)-5-乙氧基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基]丙酸(1b)是一类重要的药物先导化合物,但是其现有合成路线收率非常低(1a和1b的总收率分别为3.3%和3.0%),为了对其进行进一步的构效关系研究,需要收率高的路线.经过详细研究发现了两条高效的合成路线(A和B),分别以CuCl催化的醇钠对溴代三唑进行芳香族亲核取代反应和醇钠直接对甲磺酰基取代的三唑进行芳香族亲核取代反应作为关键反应,并对重要步骤的反应条件进行深入优化.这两条路线具有收率高的优点,除了可以作为先导化合物1a和1b继续进行构效关系研究的合成路线外,还可以为含烷氧基取代的其他杂环化合物的合成提供有价值的借鉴.Uric acid transporter 1（URAT1） inhibitors bearing alkoxy group-substituted triazoles 3-（4-（4-cyclopropylnaphthalen-1-yl）-5-methoxy-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl）propanoic acid（1a） and 3-（4-（4-cyclopropylnaphthalen-1-yl）-5-ethoxy-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl）propanoic acid（1b） are structurally interesting lead compounds in drug design. The current synthetic approach to them suffers from quite low overall yields（3.3% and 3.0% for 1a and 1b, respectively）. In order to explore the structure-activity relationship（SAR） of 1a and 1b, synthetic approach with higher overall yield is urgently needed. In the present study, two efficient synthetic approaches to 1a and 1b were developed（approaches A and B）, with CuCl-catalyzed nucleophilic aromatic substitution（S_NAr） reaction of bromotriazole with sodium alkoxides and S_NAr reaction of methylsulfonyltriazole with sodium alkoxides as key steps, and the conditions for important steps were fully optimized. The two synthetic approaches are characterized by dramatically higher yields, and not only valuable to the further SAR exploration of 1a and 1b but also very helpful to the synthesis of heterocycles with alkoxyl groups.

关 键 词：URAT1抑制剂 痛风 高尿酸血症 合成路线 芳香族亲核取代反应 CuCl催化 

分 类 号：O626[理学—有机化学] TQ460.1[理学—化学]