试论汉代墓葬被盗并遭火烧问题  

Discussion on the Problem of Tomb was Stolen and Burned in the Han Dynasty

作　　者：刘尊志[1,2] 包桂红[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学考古学与博物馆学系 [2]南开大学中国社会史研究中心

出　　处：《南方文物》2017年第2期188-195,179,共9页Cultural Relics in Southern China

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(16JJD770028);天津社科规划重点项目(TJZL16-001);郑州中华之源与嵩山文明研究会资助课题(Y2015-3)阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：考古资料中,有一些汉代墓葬不仅被盗,还遭受不同程度的火烧。相关墓葬主要分布于中东部偏北地区,时代多为两汉王朝的中晚期,等极普遍较高,形制相对复杂,这些均与墓葬被盗及火烧有较密切的关系。多数墓葬遭火烧时间较早,并以西汉及东汉的晚期及稍晚阶段较为集中,焚烧位置及尸骨、设施、物品等的损毁既有差异又存在较多共性,而焚烧动机的多样性对上述内容有着较大影响。综合来看,汉代墓葬被盗并遭火烧现象不仅反映了相关墓葬的内容和特点,折射出相应的社会内容与历史背景,还体现出墓葬遭破坏的不同状况,对研究汉代乃至古代墓葬被盗或破坏提供了相应的参考。In archaeologicat materials, some Han Dynasty tombs are not only robbed,but also suffer from fire in some degree. These kinds of tombs are generally in Middle or Late Han dynasty and located in northern part of Middle-East China. Basi- cally,the robbed and burned tombs belong to upper-class aristocrats, and the tomb structures are much more complicated. All these facts are closely related to the tomb rob and burning. Usually it is during Western Han Dynasty, late Eastern Han Dynasty and later stage that the tombs are set fire to.There are lots of differences in the place where the fire is and damages on bodies, inner establishments, artifacts, yet there are some similarities and differences. Also, the varied moUves to arson of the tombs have an imporrmlt bearing on phenomenon above. To sum up, the rob and burning of Han Dynasty tombs not only reflects the contents and features of the tombs, and related social background,but also embodies the different damage of the tombs, which shed light on research of Han Dynasty or even the historical times tomb rob or disturbance.

关 键 词：汉代 墓葬 盗掘 火烧 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]