洞庭盆地末次冰期中晚期以来黑褐色土壤剖面野火记录及气候关联  

Records of the Dark Brown Soil Profile by Charcoal and Black Carbon (Char and Soot) Sedimentary Archives from Dongting Basin Since the Middle-late Last Glacial Period

作　　者：谭志海[1,2] 龙艳侠 毛龙江[3] 莫多闻[4] 廖冰[1] 刘钊[1,2] Tan Zhihai Long Yanxia MaoLongjiang Mo Duowen Liao Bin Liu Zhao(Institute of Environmental Science and Chemistry Engineering, Xi＇ an Polytechnic University, Xi＇ an Shaanxi 710048 School of Marine Seienees,Nanjing University of Information Science Technology, Nanjing Jiangsu 210044 College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijng 100871 State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi＇ an Shaanxi 710061)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学环境与化学工程学院,陕西西安710048 [2]中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与地质国家重点实验室,陕西西安710061 [3]南京信息工程大学海洋科学学院,江苏南京210044 [4]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871

出　　处：《首都师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第4期77-84,共8页Journal of Capital Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.41271228);中科院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质实验室开放基金(SKLLQG 1518);中科院气溶胶物理与化学实验室开放基金(No.KLACP141201);江苏省青蓝工程中青年学术带头人项目

摘　　要：洞庭盆地澧阳玉成黑褐色土壤剖面记录了末次冰期中晚期以来火生态的演变过程.通过野外采样和分析测试,参照可靠AMS-14C测年和考古数据断代,利用沉积物中高分辨率炭屑和黑碳数据,探讨该区域末次冰期中晚期以来的野火发生和快速气候变化以及植被演替的相互作用.结果表明:该研究区域氧同位素MIS3(Marine Isotope Stage,56.0~23.0 ka BP)期间,气候冷干向暖干转变,野火发生十分有限;氧同位素MIS2(23.0~10.6 ka BP)阶段,气候冷湿,C_3木本植被明显增加.然而,随着百年-千年尺度气候冷事件发生,冬季风加强和可燃物干燥程度的增加,促使区域和本地野火普遍发生;氧同位素MIS1(10.6~7.0 ka BP)阶段,随着气温和降水的增加,植被由温带落叶阔叶混交林(C_3木本)所取代,致使区域野火明显下降.洞庭盆地野火发生与末次冰期快速突变气候事件(Heinrich and Younger Drays events)密切关联表明千年尺度野火机制模式受到北半球太阳辐射所控制的东亚夏季风强弱和全球冰量变化以及植被演替的共同影响.The high-resolution sedimentary charcoal and black carbon （char and soot） records from the dark brown soil of the profile at Yuchen site in the Dongting Basin. Combined with magnetic susceptibility and other paleo-proxies, revealpast wildfire history and the evolution of natural ecological landscape since the last glacial period are discussed. The results suggest that cold-dry and wet conditions on forest and meadow steppe landscape in the Dongting Basin appeared during MIS3 （56.0 -23.0 ka BP） , which was reduced regional fire activity across steppe landscape. Wetter and colder conditions during MIS2 （23.0 - 10.6 ka BP） , fire was frequently and pervasively occurred with fuel drying on the development of forest and steppe （ expansion of C3 Needles woody） in the rapid climate changes at millennial-scale, even though the base level of biomass burning was less than today. The subsequent decrease in fire-episode frequency since MIS1 （ 10.6 ~ 7.0 ka BP） is consistent with warmer and wetter conditions on the development of deciduous broad-leaved forest during those periods. The close association between fire occurrence and the rapid climate changes （H3, H2,H1 ,YD）at millennial-scale fire pattern on Dongting Basin causes by East Asian Monsoon and ice volume in Northern Hemisphere interacted as both respond to solar radiation.

关 键 词：野火 黑碳 炭屑 末次冰期 气候变化 

分 类 号：P534.632[天文地球—第四纪地质学] P941.74[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]