开放监控冥想的特定影响效果  

Specific influence of Open Monitoring Meditation

作　　者：王海璐[1] 刘兴华[1] WANG Hailu LIU Xinghua(Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100037, China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学心理系,北京100037

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2017年第8期1337-1348,共12页Advances in Psychological Science

摘　　要：近几年来,开放监控冥想(Open Monitoring Meditation,OM)受到越来越多的关注,许多研究者对它进行了系统研究。与其它冥想,特别是与聚焦注意冥想(Focus Attention Meditation,FA)相比较,OM具有明显的差异。OM似乎对某些认知过程(创造性思维)的影响以及疼痛和焦虑的缓解具有优势,而对注意力的影响结果并不一致。脑电波、功能定位以及脑功能关联性方面的研究结果初步揭示了开放监控冥想过程中的脑神经机制,但是这种冥想对于默认网络的影响效果表现出不一致性。另外,研究中使用的OM训练方法也存在明显的差异性,尤其是注意的起点是否从呼吸开始,以及是否需要保持注意两个方面。这些结果需要今后的研究使用更加标准化的方法进一步明确。Open Monitoring（OM） Meditation has received many researchers’ attention in recent years. Compared with other meditation, especially with Focus Attention（FA） Meditation, OM has been shown more effective influence on some cognitive processes（such as pain and creative thinking） and anxiety. While, there was not consistent result in attention currently. Several other studies have explored neural mechanisms of OM with electroencephalograph and f MRI, especially in the default mode network, although inconsistent result was found. Finally, OM approach adopted in these studies showed obvious differences, such as whether or not starting from breath and maintaining attention. These results need to be further clarified in future studies, adopting more standardized approach.

关 键 词：冥想 开放监控 默认网络 练习方法 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]