地下水主要组分水化学异常识别方法对比:以柳江盆地为例  

Comparison of Identification Methods of Main Component Hydrochemical Anomalies in Groundwater:A Case Study of Liujiang Basin

作　　者：张小文[1] 何江涛[1] 彭聪[1] 张昌延 倪泽华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院水资源与环境工程北京市重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第8期3225-3234,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国土资源大调查项目(1212011121170)

摘　　要：地下水化学组分的异常识别是构建水化学背景值及开展人类活动影响程度识别量化的重要基础.以往提出的基于5种水化学图的主要组分异常识别方法取得了良好效果,但是该方法考虑的水化学图种类过多,计算复杂.为简化水化学图法,本文以柳江盆地为例,尝试采用Durov图替代5种水化学图,对地下水主要组分进行异常识别.为此,分别对比分析了水化学图与数理统计法组合出的7种异常识别方法的剔除效果,并进行方法可靠性检验.结果表明,数理统计法与水化学图法结合识别地下水异常相对于两者单独使用可以取得更好的识别效果;其中3σ准则+5种水化学图法和3σ准则+Durov图法对地下水主要组分异常识别效果最好;并证实采用Durov图可以有效替代5种水化学图进行地下水主要组分的异常识别,既保留了水化学识别异常的科学性,又大大简化了异常识别计算的过程.Identification of chemical composition anomalies in groundwater is an important basis for establishing groundwater background values and quantifying the degree of influence of human activities. The main component anomaly identification by five kinds of hydrochemical diagrams has achieved good results in the past. However,this method is too complex to be used widely. In order to simplify the five kinds of hydrochemical diagrams,the Durov diagram was used to replace the five kinds of hydrochemical diagrams to identify the main component anomalies of groundwater,with the Liujiang basin employed as a verification example. The effects of seven kinds of anomaly identification methods combined by hydrochemical diagrams and mathematical statistics methods were compared,and the reliability of these methods were tested in the study. The result indicated that the combination of mathematical statistics and hydrochemical diagrams method can identify the groundwater anomalies better than either used alone. The method of the Pauta criterion＋ five kinds of hydrography diagrams and the Pauta criterion ＋ the Durov diagram were the best to identify the major component anomalies of groundwater. This shows that the Durov diagram can effectively replace the five kinds of hydrochemical diagrams for anomaly recognition of groundwater,which not only preserves the scientificity of hydrochemical anomaly identification,but also greatly simplifies the process of calculation.

关 键 词：地下水水化学 异常识别 Durov图 3σ准则 柳江盆地 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]