日英存现句的比较研究  

The Contrast of Japanese and English Existential Sentences

作　　者：和佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学旅游文化学院外语系,云南丽江674100

出　　处：《浙江树人大学学报》2017年第3期101-105,共5页Journal of Zhejiang Shuren University

摘　　要：日英存现句是日英语言中的重要句式,有各自的结构语义特点。参考中文的分类可以把日英存现句的LP、VP、NP分成A段、B段、C段进行比较。它们所充当的句子成分不同,在存现句中起的作用也不同。日英存现名词都是不定的,构成成分也不完全相同。尽管语义不同,日英存现动词都可以分为静态动词和动态动词。处所词在一定的条件可以省略。从动词的使用看,日语存现句比英语存现句更适合表达消失、终止。两者在定义、结构和动词特征等方面既有相同点也有差异,值得进一步研究。Existential sentences are very important in Japanese and English language,which have their own structure and semantic features. Referencing to Chinese classification,the LP,VP and NP in Japanese and English existential sentences can be divided into part A,part B and part C for comparison. They act as different components of a sentence and their functions in the existential sentences are different. The existential nouns are indefinite nouns and the constituents are not all the same. In spite of the semantic differences in Japanese and English,the existential verbs can be divided into static and dynamic verbs,and locative words can be omitted in certain conditions. From the use of verbs,the Japanese existential sentences are more suitable for expressing disappearance and termination than English ones. There exist both similarities and differences between the two in definition,structure,and verb features that warrants further study.

关 键 词：日语存现句 英语存现句 LP NP VP 

分 类 号：H314.3[语言文字—英语] H36