supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62072134,62472150,U2001205);Major Research Plan of Hubei Province(Grant No.2023BAA027);Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(Grant No.2021BEA163)。
Witness encryption(WE)is a novel type of cryptographic primitive that enables a message to be encrypted via an NP instance.Anyone who possesses a solution to this instance(i.e.,a witness)can then recover the message f...
We present a new perspective on the P vs NP problem by demonstrating that its answer is inherently observer-dependent in curved spacetime, revealing an oversight in the classical formulation of computational complexit...