我国环境损害司法鉴定的现状与展望  

Current Situation and Prospect of Forensic Appraisal of Environmental Damage in China

作　　者：王元凤[1,2] 王旭[1,2] 王灿发[1,3] 郑振玉[4] 

机构地区：[1]2011计划司法文明协同创新中心,北京100088 [2]中国政法大学证据科学教育部重点实验室,北京100088 [3]中国政法大学民商法经济学院,北京100088 [4]司法部司法鉴定管理局,北京100020

出　　处：《中国司法鉴定》2017年第4期8-15,共8页Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences

摘　　要：环境问题日益严重导致环境损害诉讼案件不断增多,而环境损害司法鉴定意见是打击环境污染犯罪、解决环境损害纠纷的重要依据。确保环境损害司法鉴定的科学性和公正性已经逐步成为解决环境诉讼案件的核心要素。为了规范环境损害司法鉴定,最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、司法部、环保部近期出台系列新政,规定对从事环境损害司法鉴定的鉴定机构和鉴定人实行登记管理制度,意图提高环境损害司法鉴定意见的质量和公信力。通过系统分析我国环境诉讼中的证据问题,详细阐述基于环境损害司法鉴定的环境诉讼证明方案,并深入分析未来我国环境损害司法鉴定的发展趋势,以期为推动我国环境司法的发展奠定证据科学基础。Litigations involving environmental damages have increased remarkably due to increasingly serious environmental problems. Meanwhile, forensic appraisal opinions regarding environmental damages provide important basis for fighting against environmental crimes as well as solving environmental disputes. It has become the key issue of environmental litigation to ensure forensic appraisal of environmental damages to be scientific and fair. In order to regulate the practice of forensic appraisal of environmental damages, the Supreme People＇s Court, the Supreme People＇s Procuratorate, the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Environmental Protection jointly issued a series of documents, which required a registration mechanism for appraisal institutions and appraisers engaged in forensic appraisal, so as to raise the quality and credibility of forensic environmental appraisal opinions. We systematically analyze the evidence in environmental litigation in the past,introduce scientific evidence-based proof strategy for environmental damages in detail, and explore the development trends of forensic environmental appraisal in China in the near future. We expect to provide basis of scientific evidence for the development of environmental litigation in China.

关 键 词：环境损害司法鉴定 证据科学 证据评价 

分 类 号：DF794[政治法律—诉讼法学] X197[政治法律—法学]