人工智能:概念·方法·机遇  

Artificial intelligence:Concept,approach and opportunity

作　　者：钟义信[1] ZHONG YiXin(School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China)

机构地区：[1]北京邮电大学计算机学院智能科学技术中心,北京100876

出　　处：《科学通报》2017年第22期2473-2479,共7页Chinese Science Bulletin

摘　　要：人类一切有意识的活动(特别是创新性活动),都是在人类智能的支配下展开和完成的.人工智能科学技术的研究目标,正是要探索人类智能(自然智能的最佳代表)的工作机理,在此基础上研制各种具有一定智能水平的人工智能机器,为人类的各种活动提供智能服务.可见,人工智能的进步将带动人类的科技、经济、社会、文化、军事等各个领域的创新发展,正因为如此,各国(特别是发达国家)都高度重视人工智能科学技术的研究.在这种背景下,认清人工智能的发展趋势和规律,抓住机遇加快我国人工智能的发展,对我国的现代化建设将具有重大的现实意义和深远的战略意义.It has been commonly accepted that all kinds of conscious activities, complex and creative activities in particular, performed by human beings are all activated, controlled, guided and evaluated by human intelligence. In other words, human intelligence is really the creative center for any meaningful activities in humans. The major goal of artificial intelligence research is the attempt to explore and understand the secretes of the working mechanism of human intelligence and then, based on the understanding, to simulate the mechanism of human intelligence in machineries so as to innovate artificially intelligent machines that are expected to be able to support all human activities in a way that looks nearly like human beings. Therefore, the advancement resulted from artificial intelligence research will effectively promote the innovative progresses in all fields of human activities, including the economic and social development, scientific and technological researches, educational and cultural standards, security and military defense affairs, etc. It is because of this fact that many countries, especially the developed countries, in the world have attached very high importance with, and also made very heavy efforts in, artificial intelligence research. Furthermore, it is worth noticing that due to the radical difference in properties exists between matter and information the scientific methodology for artificial intelligence research is experiencing a great upgrade. The old methodology called mechanical reductionism featured with ＂divide and conquer＂, which has made long-term contributions for the development of matter science during the past hundreds years, has to be replaced by the new methodology called information ecology-ism featured with ＂integration and up-growing＂, which is emerging up just recently and is more appropriate to the Chinese thinking tradition. This is an excellent opportunity, never met before in history, for Chinese researchers to make more contributions to the development of artifi

关 键 词：人工智能 人工神经网络 智能机器人 人-机系统 智能生成机制 信息生态学 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]