膜生物反应器Anammox的快速启动及其抑制动力学  

Rapid Start-up and Inhibition Kinetic Characteristics of Anammox in a Membrane Bioreactor

作　　者：王朝朝[1,2] 张凯[1,2] 闫立娜[3] 张炜[1,2] 唐峰兵 李思敏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学能源与环境工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]河北工程大学河北省水污染控制与水生态修复工程技术研究中心,河北邯郸056038 [3]河北工程大学研究生部,河北邯郸056038

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2017年第17期19-25,共7页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2016402017);邯郸市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(1623209044)

摘　　要：采用MBR作为强化富集厌氧氨氧化菌的反应器,以氯化铵和亚硝酸盐为进水底物,通过逐步缩短水力停留时间(HRT由24 h降低到4 h),成功实现了厌氧氨氧化的启动。整个驯化过程中,NH_4^+-N和NO_2^--N的去除率均维持在90.0%以上,总氮去除负荷(NRR)最大可达0.49kg/(m^3·d),且NO_2^--N/NH_4^+-N和NO_3^--N/NH_4^+-N值分别维持在1.32和0.26附近,符合厌氧氨氧化化学反应计量学规律;同时在驯化过程中,污泥颜色逐渐由深褐色变成红褐色,SEM结果表明接种污泥以杆状菌为主,驯化结束后则以球状菌为主,且结构紧密。采用成熟厌氧氨氧化污泥进行底物(NH_4^+-N和NO_2^--N)抑制动力学试验,并对试验结果采用Haldane模型进行拟合,获得半饱和常数分别为62.54和78.47 mg/L,抑制动力学常数分别为1 244.12和102.30 mg/L,相关性系数(R^2)分别为0.998 6和0.994 5。The Anammox process was successfully started up when membrane bioreactor （MBR） was employed as the Anammox bacteria enriching rig, and fed with ammonium chloride and nitrite as the substrates by shortening the hydraulic retention time （ HRT decreased from 24 h to 4 h）. The removal ef- ficiencies of NH - N and NO2- - N wer maintained above 90.0% and the maximum nitrogen removal rate （NRR） could reach 0.49 kg/（ m3 · d ） through the whole domestication process. The ratios of NO：- - N to NH4 - N and NO3- - N to NH4＋ - N were kept at around 1.32 and 0.26 respectively, which complied with the chemical reaction law of Anammox; whilst the color of the sludge turned into reddishbrown from dark brown and the SEM results showed that the inoculation sludge were mainly in the form of bacilli, and changed into the main form of spherical bacteria, with a compacted structure. The experi- ments of the substrates （ NH4＋ - N and NOf - N） inhibition kinetics were conducted by using the mature Anammox sludge, and the testing results were further fitted in Haldane inhibition model, and the half-sat- uration constants and the inhibition kinetics constants were 62.54 and 78.47 mg/L, 1 244. 12 and 102.30 mg/L with correlation coefficients （R2） of 0. 998 6 and 0. 994 5, respectively.

关 键 词：膜生物反应器 厌氧氨氧化 富集培养 抑制动力学 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]