不同物料蚓粪对土壤酸度和Cu、Pb化学形态的影响  

Effects of Vermicompost on Soil Acidity and Cu/Pb Chemical Speciation

作　　者：周波[1] 唐劲驰[1] 张池[2] 吴家龙[2] 黎健龙[1] 郭彦彪[2] 唐颢[1] 戴军[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院茶叶研究所/广东省茶树资源创新利用重点实验室,广州510640 [2]华南农业大学资源环境学院/农业部华南耕地保育重点实验室/广东省土地利用与整治重点实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2017年第4期311-319,共9页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200900);广东省自然科学基金项目(2016A030313773);广东省科技计划项目(2014A020208054;2015A020224017);清远市科技计划项目(2014A015)

摘　　要：以两种常见的有机废弃物牛粪和稻秆为原料,利用Eisenia foetida生产蚓粪,采用室内培养试验,研究了蚓粪在重金属污染的酸性土壤中对有机碳含量和形态、土壤酸度及Cu、Pb形态的影响。结果表明:在2.5%~10%的蚓粪用量下,土壤总有机碳含量增加了25%~83%,除牛粪蚓粪组的可溶性有机碳显著高于稻秆蚓粪外(P<0.05),其余形态两种蚓粪间土壤有机碳含量无显著差异。蚓粪使土壤pH(H2O)值提升0.38~1.13个单位,同时交换性氢和铝的含量分别降低41%~77%和57%~94%,显著降低了土壤酸度,且较对照高出0.35~4倍;牛粪蚓粪仅在10%用量下降低土壤酸度的效果高出稻秆蚓粪22%。蚓粪使土壤中水溶-交换态Cu和Pb含量分别降低22%~70%和29%~70%,使有机结合态Cu和Pb含量分别提高19%~56%和10%~40%,表明蚓粪可以显著降低土壤中Cu和Pb的活性。蚓粪降低土壤Cu、Pb活性的效果分别较对照物料高出0.58~9.6倍和0.16~3.4倍。稻秆蚓粪降低土壤Cu、Pb活性的效果分别比牛粪蚓粪高出11%~61%和1%~32%。综上所述,蚓粪降低土壤酸度和Cu、Pb活性的效果优于对照,牛粪蚓粪降低土壤酸度的效果较好,稻秆蚓粪降低土壤Cu、Pb活性的效果更佳。在降低土壤酸度和Cu、Pb活性方面,蚓粪中的总有机碳、微生物量碳、胡敏酸碳和富里酸碳均具有重要作用,并且蚓粪中有机碳的作用效率高于对照中等量的有机碳。The effects of vermicompost produced by Eisenia foetida on organic carbon content,soil acidity and Cu/Pb speciation were studied in acid soil contaminated by heavy metals through simulated pot experiment.Vermicompost was made with cattle waste and rice straw,respectively.The results showed that soil total organic carbon content increased by 25%-83%in the soil with 2.5%-10% amount of vermicompost,and the soluble organic carbon of the cattle waste vermicompost was significantly higher than that of the rice straw vermicompost（P〈0.05）,and there was no significant difference in other organic carbon content between the two kinds of vermicompost.Vermicompost increased the soil pH（H2O）value by 0.38-1.13 pH units,and reduced exchangeable hydrogen and aluminum content by 41% -77% and 57% -94%,respectively.The vermicompost reduced soil acidity significantly,and soil pH（H2O）value was 0.35-4times higher than that of the control.For reducing acidity of the soil with 10%amount of vermicompost,the effect of cattle waste vermicompost was 22% higher than that of rice straw vermicompost.The vermicompost reduced the contents of soluble-exchangeable Cu and Pb in the soil by 19%-56%and 10%-40%,respectively,and increased the contents of organic state Cu and Pb by 22% -70% and 29% -70%,respectively.Thevermicompost could significantly reduce the activity of Cu and Pb in soil.The effects of vermicompost on reducing Cu and Pb activity were 0.58-9.6times and 0.16-3.4times higher than those of the control.The effects of rice straw vermicompost on reducing activity of Cu and Pb were 11%-61% and 1%-32% higher than those of cattle waste vermicompost.In conclusion,vermicompost reducd soil acidity and Cu/Pb activity greater than that of control,cattle waste vermicompost was better on reducing soil acidity,and rice straw vermicompost was better on reducing Cu/Pb activity.The total organic carbon,microbial biomass carbon,Humic acid carbon and fulvic acid carbon in vermicompost all played important roles in reducing soil acidity.Cu and

关 键 词：蚓粪 土壤有机碳 土壤酸化 重金属活性 

分 类 号：X132[环境科学与工程—环境科学]