中国近代大学通识教育理念及其实践经验探析  

On the Concept of General Education in Modern Chinese University and Its Practical Experience

作　　者：张亚群[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学高等教育发展研究中心,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2017年第4期147-156,共10页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题"中国近代大学通识教育与创新人才培养"(BAA100015)

摘　　要：中国近代大学通识教育理念来源于西方大学教育理念、传统儒家教育理念及教育改革实践,具有丰富内涵。近代教育家群体注重人格修养,崇尚通才教育,融会中西文化,重视教育教学诸环节的整体育人作用。在办学实践中,一些著名大学校长更新大学理念,变革大学课程标准,优化课程结构;实行主辅修制,注重基础学科建设,广纳各科贤才,开发教学资源;拓展教育路径和方式,整体推进通识教育。这些举措拓展了通识教育的发展空间,促进了创新人才的培养。其办学经验对当今大学通识教育变革具有重要启迪。Modern Chinese educationalists＇ idea of general education has three sources, which are the understanding of western modern university, the educational concept of traditional Confucianism and educational reform practice. The core concept of this idea is educating people, including concerns with the shaping of an ideal personality and advocating life education. It is believed that general education is as important as professional education, also the promotion of international education exchanges with the culture fusion of China and the West takes a significant part in it. Besides, this idea cares about educational environment cultivation emphasizing the rule of respecting teachers and honoring truth. From the perspective of educational practice, there are more room for the development of the idea of general education. Many famous modern Chinese educationalists update the educational concept of university, transforming the standard of university curriculum, optimizing the curriculum structure, implementing the mayor-minor system, stressing the construction of basic subjects, employing talents, exploring teaching resources, expanding educational paths and methods, so as to comprehensively advance general education. The implementation of modern Chinese university＇s general education produces a large number of talents. The practice experience in modern Chinese universities brings important enlightenment to the transformation of general education in universities nowadays.

关 键 词：中国近代大学 教育家 通识教育 理念 实践经验 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]