日粮中高剂量植酸酶对肉鸡生长性能、骨骼矿化和钙磷沉积的影响  

Effects of high doses of phytase on growth performance, bone mineralization, and calcium and phosphorus retention in broiler chickens diet

作　　者：陈冠华[1,2] 张金龙[1,2] 张宁[1,2] 瞿红侠[1] 韩进诚[1] 王志祥[2] 陈建成 陈村年 

机构地区：[1]商丘师范学院生命科学学院,河南商丘476000 [2]河南农业大学牧医工程学院,河南郑州450002 [3]河南正本清源科技发展股份有限公司,河南商丘476000

出　　处：《饲料工业》2017年第16期22-29,共8页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目[31101732];河南省教育厅项目[16A230003]

摘　　要：试验旨在研究含25-羟基维生素D3(25-OH-D3)低磷日粮中添加高剂量植酸酶对1~42日龄肉鸡生长性能、骨骼矿化和钙磷沉积率的影响。将250只1日龄肉鸡公雏随机分成5个处理,每个处理5个重复,每重复10只。1个对照组:非植酸磷(NPP)含量为0.45%/0.35%;4个试验组按照2×2因子设计试验:2个NPP含量(1~21日龄,NPP含量分别为0.35%和0.25%;22~42日龄,NPP含量分别为0.25%和0.15%),植酸酶2个添加水平为1 000 IU/kg和10 000 IU/kg。结果显示:(1)与日粮中NPP含量0.35%/0.25%相比,NPP含量为0.25%/0.15%时,42日龄肉鸡体增重、血浆无机磷浓度、股骨和胫骨灰分重量、钙含量以及跖骨直径和磷含量显著降低(P<0.05),31~34日龄肉鸡钙沉积率和11~14日龄肉鸡磷沉积率显著提高(P<0.05)。(2)与日粮中植酸酶添加1 000 IU/kg相比,植酸酶添加10 000 IU/kg时,42日龄肉鸡体增重、采食量、血浆无机磷浓度、股骨重量和灰分重量、胫骨和跖骨长度显著提高(P<0.05),11~14日龄肉鸡钙磷沉积率显著提高(P<0.05)。(3)与日粮中NPP含量0.45%/0.35%相比,日粮中0.35%/0.25%NPP+1 000 IU/kg植酸酶或0.25%/0.15%NPP+10 000 IU/kg植酸酶时,肉鸡生长性能和骨骼矿化(除跖骨磷含量外)未受到显著影响(P>0.05)。综上所述,1~42日龄肉鸡日粮中NPP含量为0.35%/0.25%时,植酸酶适宜添加量为1 000 IU/kg;NPP含量为0.25%/0.15%时,植酸酶适宜添加量为10 000 IU/kg。This experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of high doses of phytase on growth performance, bone mineralization, and Ca and P retention in 1-42-day-old broiler chickens fed diets with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol （25-OH-D3）. A 2 × 2 factorial experiment was designed to test two levels of non-phytate phosphorus （NPP, 0.35%/0.25% and 0.25%/0.15% in broilers from 1 to 21 and 22 to 42 days of age, respectively） combined with two levels of phytase （1 000 and 10 000 IU/kg）. A control diet contained adequate NPP （0.45%/0.35% at 1 to 21 and 22 to 42 days of age）. On the day of hatch, 250 female Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to five treatments with five stainless steel cages of ten birds each. Results showed that a decrease in dietary NPP level from 0.35%/0.25% to 0.25%/0.15% decreased the body weight gain（BWG）, plasma inorganic phosphorus （Pi） concentration, ash weight, and Ca and P percentage contents in the tibia and femur, as well as the diameter and P percentage in the metatarsus of 42-day-old broilers. Decreasing dietary NPP levels increased Ca retention in broilers from 31 to 34 days of age and P retention in birds from 11 to 14 days of age. Broilers fed 10 000 IU/kg phytase had greater BWG, feed intake, plasma Pi concentration, weight and ash weight of femur, and length of tibia and metatarsus than those fed 1 000 IU/kg phytase at 42 days of age. The Ca and P retention in birds fed 10 000 IU/kg phytase were higher than those of birds fed 1 000 U/kg phytase at 11 to 14 days of age. No significant differences in growth performance and bone mineralization （except of metatarsus P） were observed among birds fed 0.35%/0.25% NPP＋ 1 000 IU/kg phytase, 0.25%/0.15% NPP＋10 000 IU/kg phytase, and the control diet. These data indicate that addition of 1 000 IU/kg phytase is sufficient for growth performance at 0.35%/0.25% NPP; by contrast, 10 000 IU/kg phytase is needed at 0.25%/0.15% NPP in broiler chickens from 1 to 42 days of age.

关 键 词：非植酸磷 高剂量植酸酶 生长性能 骨骼矿化 肉鸡 

分 类 号：TQ925[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]