社区精神病患者药物不良反应报告分析  

Analysis of adverse drug reactions in community psychiatric patients

作　　者：张冰[1] 热莎来提[1] 赵敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆精神卫生中心,830002

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2017年第21期1-3,共3页China Practical Medicine

基　　金：乌鲁木齐市科技局科学研究计划项目(项目编号:Y141310029)

摘　　要：目的探究社区精神病患者药物不良反应情况。方法回顾性分析210例社区精神病患者的临床资料,对不良反应患者年龄分布情况、不良反应药物种类、临床表现、联合用药及不良反应发生时间进行综合分析。结果 210例精神病患者中,青壮年药物不良反应率明显高于中老年患者;患者共涉及到13种抗精神病药物,药物不良反应以奥氮平为主,占33.3%,其次为利培酮、喹硫平,分别占22.9%、12.9%;药物不良反应临床表现主要以白细胞减少(52.4%)、心肌损伤(11.4%)、肝功能异常(10.0%)尤为常见;出现药物不良反应时间于用药后6~10 d居多,占36.2%。结论社区精神病患者在治疗1周左右出现药物不良反应,多集中于青壮年,奥氮平药物不良反应最高,多累及血液系统与心血管系统,应加强对社区精神病患者药物不良反应的关注与分析,合理用药,降低不良反应率,提升患者生活质量。Objective To investigate and study the adverse drug reactions in community psychiatric patients. Methods Clinical data of 210 community psychiatric patients was retrospectively analyzed, and comprehensive analysis was made on age distribution of adverse reactions, drug types, clinical manifestations, drug combination and occurrence time of adverse reactions. Results Among 210 community psychiatric patients, young adults had obviously higher incidence of adverse drug reactions than middle - aged patients. There were 13 anti-psychotic drugs involved, and the main adverse drug reactions was olanzapine, accounting for 33.3%, followed by risperidone and quetiapine, respectively accounting for 22.9% and 12.9%. The main clinical manifestations of adverse drug reactions were decreased leukocytes （52.4%）, myocardial damage （11.4%）, abnormal liver function （10.0%）. The occurrence time of adverse drug reaction mostly was 6-10 d after medication, accounting for 36.2%. Conclusion After 1 week of medication, adverse drug reactions shows in community psychiatric patients, and it is more concentrated in young adults. The highest drug adverse reaction occurred in olanzapine, including hematological system and cardiovascular system. Strengthening the attention and analysis of adverse drug reactions in community psychiatric patients, along with rational drugs use, can reduce the rate of adverse reactions and improve the quality of life of patients.

关 键 词：社区精神病 药物不良反应 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]