骆驼刺根际细菌的植物促生能力  

Plant growth-promoting ability of culturable bacteria in the rhizosphere of Alhagi sparsifolia

作　　者：王丽娟[1] 徐莲[1] 孙纪全[1,2] 吴晓磊[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学包头创新研究院,包头014030 [2]北京大学工学院,北京100871

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2017年第4期628-634,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：内蒙古科技计划项目(20130101);包头市科技计划项目(CX2014-43;2015Z2008)资助~~

摘　　要：采用纯培养方法使用5种培养基分析沙漠干旱植物骆驼刺的根际可培养细菌群落,并用盆钵试验验证这些菌株的植物促生能力.共从骆驼刺根际土中分离纯化了120株细菌,根据16S rRNA基因序列划分成32个16S r RNA基因型,分布在Actinobacteria、Firmicutes、Proteobacteria和Bacteroidetes等4个门的17个属内.其中,Actinobacteria占全部分离菌株的77.3%,是骆驼刺根际的优势微生物;该门的Streptomyces和Arthrobacter两个属是分离菌株最多的属.从16个型(55株)的细菌中检测到了固氮酶nif H基因,占全部分离菌株的45.8%、全部型的50%.盆钵试验中,菌株Microbacterium sp.WLJ053、Streptomyces sp.WLJ079、Paenibacillus sp.WLJ097、Sphingomonas sp.WLJ118和Chryseobacterium sp.WLJ119能显著提高玉米的株高、鲜重和干重,具有植株促生能力.使用营养丰富的LB和WS培养基获得的微生物种类和特有微生物数量都更多,含nif H基因和具有植物促生能力的菌株比例更高.本研究说明沙漠植物根际蕴含了大量微生物种质资源,具有较好的开发前景.The diversity of culturable bacteria in the rhizosphere of Alhagi sparsifolia was analyzed using five different media, and their plant growth-promoting ability was studied through a pilot experiment. A total of 120 strains were isolated from the rhizosphere soil. These strains were categorized into 32 phylotypes, distributed in 16 genera within four common phyla： Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Of the 120 strains, 77.3% of the isolates were Actinobacteria, which was the predominant phylum in the rhizosphere of A. sparsifolia. Arthrobacter and Streptomyces strains were the two predominant genera. Partial sequence of nitrogenase gene nifH was detected in 55 strains （16 phylotypes） using the PCR method. The pilot experiment suggested that some strains： Microbacterium sp. WLJ053, Streptomyces sp. WLJ079, Paenibacillus sp. WLJ097, Sphingomonas sp. WLJ118, and Chryseobacterium sp. WLJ119, evidently promoted plant （maize） growth by enhancing the length of stem and roots, as well as the fresh and the dry weights. Additional strains, unique genus and strains containing nifH gene were obtained by using enriched media （LB and WS）. The present study suggests the existence of several plant growth-promoting bacteria in the rhizosphere of the desert plant, which can be isolated and used as a bioresource for microbial fertilizer production.

关 键 词：骆驼刺 植物根际细菌 植物促生细菌 微生物多样性 放线菌门 

分 类 号：Q948.122.3[生物学—植物学]