点篮子鱼对人工湿地的水生态系统工程师效应  

Aquatic ecosystem engineering:Siganus guttatus on artificial wetland as a case study

作　　者：高宇[1] 章龙珍[1] 张婷婷[1] 胡成硕 庄平[1] 王妤[1] 刘鉴毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,农业部东海与长江口渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,上海200090

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2017年第4期734-738,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：上海市科技兴农种业发展项目[沪农科种字(2016)第2-3号];国家自然科学基金项目(31400410)资助

摘　　要：选取需要人工定期实施清理浒苔的海参养殖区为研究对象,以投放点篮子鱼(Siganus guttatus)混养为处理组,以不投放点篮子鱼为对照组,通过监测处理组和对照组浒苔生长覆盖率和水质参数(包括氨氮和磷酸盐)等指标的动态变化探讨点篮子鱼作为水生态系统工程师对水域资源环境引起的资源配置变化,在此基础上研究点篮子鱼体重与对浒苔日摄食量之间的关系以定量化水生态系统工程师效应.结果显示,投放点篮子鱼的处理组不仅浒苔覆盖率比未投放点篮子鱼的对照组下降速度显著要快,而且水质指标在浒苔腐败的后期能依然保持平稳,与对照组形成显著性差异;随着点篮子鱼体重的增加,其单位时间内对浒苔的摄食量以对数形式增长.综上,点篮子鱼能通过改变自身以外生命(浒苔)或非生命物质(水质)的状态,产生水生态系统工程师效应;未来运用水生态系统工程师的同时需要综合考量潜在的生物入侵风险.“Aquatic ecosystem engineering” refers to the direct or indirect regulations on resource allocation and the effects on other aquatic species by changing both the living and non-living parts of environment. The breeding zones of sea cucumber （Holothurians） were selected as the study subject, and two groups with （treatment） and without （control） Siganus guttatus polycultures were established. The dynamics of Enteromorpha prolifra coverage and water quality parameters （e.g. ammonia nitrogen and phosphate） were monitored for both the treatment and control groups, to evaluate S. guttatus as an engineer in ingesting E. prolifra, and changing physical properties of water quality. Based on this finding, we also discussed the relationship between the body weight of S. guttatus and their daily intake of E. prolifra in order to quantify its impact as an aquatic ecosystem engineer. The results indicate that the treatment group not only showed a significantly faster decline of E. prolifra coverage than the control group, but also significantly more stable water quality parameters during the stage of E. prolifra death and decay. With the increase of S. guttatus body weight, their intake of E. prolifra as food within a unit time period increased logarithmically. The results also suggest that S. guttatus demonstrated the engineering effects in this coastal wetland, and thus could be considered as a tool in ingesting E. prolifra, and changing the physical properties of water quality; the potential risks with biological invasion in applications of this new concept are proposed.

关 键 词：点篮子鱼 水生态系统工程师 人工湿地 浒苔 生态养殖 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]