超声NT值检测及鼻骨测量联合检测在判断胎儿21号染色体异常中的临床意义  

The clinical significance of ultrasound measurement of nasal fetal chromosomal abnormalities

作　　者：谭丽华[1] 王建芹[1] 李忠彩[1] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊市妇幼保健院,山东潍坊261011

出　　处：《中国优生与遗传杂志》2017年第8期96-97,共2页Chinese Journal of Birth Health & Heredity

摘　　要：目的通过超声检测11-14w胎儿颈部软组织厚度(nuchal translucency,NT)并联合测量孕16w胎儿鼻骨大小,观察胎儿NT值及鼻骨大小与胎儿21号染色体异常之间的相关性,探索临床产前筛查染色体异常的新方法。方法对2015.1-2016.12潍坊市妇幼保健院的门诊查体孕妇2000例,于妊娠11-14w常规超声测量NT值,妊娠16w超声检测胎儿鼻骨大小,对于NT值及鼻骨大小异常胎儿行染色体检查,观察胎儿NT值及鼻骨大小及与21号染色体异常之间的相关性。结果在2000例门诊查体孕妇中,NT值异常者55例,染色体检查约62%的胎儿出现21号染色体异常,鼻骨异常者75例,染色体检查约58%的胎儿出现21号染色体异常,NT值与鼻骨同时出现异常者,20例,染色体检查约95%的胎儿出现21号染色体异常。结论胎儿鼻骨大小及NT值与胎儿21号染色体异常存在一定的相关性,超声联合测量胎儿鼻骨大小及NT值对产前筛查染色体异常具有重要临床意义。Objective：To explore the clinical prenatal screening for chromosomal anomalies of the new method by ultrasound at 11-14 weeks of fetal neck soft tissue thickness（nuchal translucency,NT）and measurement of pregnant 16 weeks of fetal nasal bone size. Methods：2000 cases pregnant women were detected from Weifang City Maternal and child health care hospital on 2015.1-2016.12. Conventional ultrasound measurement of NT value was detected at 11-14 weeks of pregnancy,fetal nasal bone size was measured by ultrasound at pregnant 16 weeks. And the correlation between the abnormalities of chromosome 21 and value of NT and the size of the nasal bone abnormal fetal was analysized. Results：In 2000 cases of pregnant women,55 cases are abnormal in the value of NT,approximately 62% of the chromosome of the fetus appear abnormal chromosome 21. 75 cases are abnormal in nasal bone,about 58% of the fetus appear abnormal chromosome 21. 20 cases are abnormal in both NT value and nasal bone,approximately 95% of fetal abnormal chromosome 21. Conclusion：Fetal nasal bone size and NT value are correlated with fetal chromosome 21 abnormal presence. And Ultrasound measurement of fetal nasal bone size and abnormal NT value has important clinical significance for the prenatal screening of chromosome.

关 键 词：染色体异常 颈部软组织厚度 鼻骨测量 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R714.5[医药卫生—诊断学]