隋唐时期侠儒佛道的此消彼长及其对隋唐审美风尚的影响  

The Shifts of Xia,Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism in the Sui and Tang Dynasties and Their Influence on the Aesthetic Trends of the Sui and Tang Dynasties

作　　者：杜道明[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学

出　　处：《中国文化研究》2017年第3期32-40,共9页Chinese Culture Research

摘　　要：隋唐时期是中国历史上内外环境都最为宽松的时期,当时主要的社会思潮有侠、儒、佛、道四种,其间互有消长,对当时的社会审美风尚产生了重要影响。任侠精神的盛行,造成了盛唐时期以意气功业、侠肝义胆和放荡不羁为美;儒家的影响集中体现在中唐以前对"风骨"的普遍提倡和运用,唐人诗歌理论上的"兴寄"说、散文理论上的"明道"说、五彩缤纷的人工美以及新乐府运动,都体现着儒家的务实精神;道家对自然之美的推崇,使"清水出芙蓉,天然去雕饰"和追求真态真情之美成为盛唐诗人的审美风尚;中唐时期以幽寒瘦硬为美,以疏朗淡雅为美,这与道家思潮的影响以及禅宗的崛起不无关系;禅宗思想的影响所及,则体现在晚唐时期的以意境韵味为美和以含蓄蕴藉为美。像以禅喻诗,追求禅境禅趣,追求"不着一字,尽得风流"等,都分明显现着禅学的痕迹。The Sui and Tang Dynasties were the most relaxed period in Chinese history both at home and abroad. At that time, the main social trends of thought were Xia,Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism,with one another growing and declining,which had an important influence on the social aesthetic trend at that time. The Xia spirit lead people to achieve or to do boldly what is righteous. The effect of Confucianism is embodied in the＂character＂widely advocated and practiced before the middle Tang Dynasty. The theory of＂Xing Ji＂in Chinese poetry,the theory of＂Ming Dao＂in prose theory,the colorful artificial beauty and the movement of Xin Yefu Movement embody the pragmatic spirit of Confucianism.The Taoist worship of the beauty of nature,the＂ Water out of hibiscus,natural to carving＂and pursue the true state truth beauty became the poet ＇s aesthetic fashion. In the middle Tang Dynasty,＂quiet,cold,thin and hard＂was seen as beautiful. It was not only related to the influence of Taoism,but also to the rise of Zen Buddhism. The influence of Zen Buddhism isreflected in looking artistic conception and lasting appeal as beauty or in looking simplicity and depth as beauty in the late Tang Dynasty. Like Buddhist poetry,the Zen pursuit of ＂obtaining the real meaning without a word＂is the clear trace of the Zen.

关 键 词：隋唐 侠 儒 佛 道 审美风尚 

分 类 号：B83-092[哲学宗教—美学]