行人的集团行为对通道交通的影响  

Study on the Group Behavior of Pedestrian in a Channel

作　　者：宁宏新[1] 施映[2] 章一才 薛郁[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西师范学院师园学院,广西南宁530008 [2]广西大学物理科学与工程技术学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《广西科学》2017年第4期333-339,共7页Guangxi Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11262003);广西自然科学基金项目(20140593)资助

摘　　要：【目的】研究在行人通道中,行人结队行走对交通拥堵的影响,避免突发事件的发生。【方法】基于偏向随机行走格子气模型,提出行人通道中行人结队行走的偏向随机行走格子气模型。结队人群在通道中的行走规则与单个人行走时一样,行进的方向是一致的,行进过程中不能后退。每个集团的人群由n1×n2个人组成,占据n1×n2个格点。考虑向左、向右、向上和向下行走的4种人群。【结果】在行人交通流中出现从自由相到堵塞相的相变现象,且相变的临界密度与行人集团的尺度有很大的关系。【结论】相变的临界密度取决于行人集团的尺度,行人集团的尺度和迁移系数影响阻塞相变。【Objective】This paper studies the impacts of pedestrian walking in groups in a pedestrian access on traffic jams to avoid the occurrence of unexpected events.【Methods】Based on a biased random-walk lattice gas model,a biased random-walk lattice gas model for pedestrian walking in groups in a pedestrian access is proposed.Walking rules of the crowds in a pedestrian access are the same as those of a single person.They walk together towards the same direction and no retreat is allowed during the advancing process.A people group is composed by n1×n2people and occupies n1×n2sites on lattice.Four people groups,which walk towards the left and right,upward and downward,are considered in the model.【Results】The phenomenon of phase transition in pedestrian flow is found from free phase to jam phase,and the critical density of phase transition has a great relationship with the pedestrian group＇s size.【Conclusion】The critical density of phase transition depends on the pedestrian group＇s size,and the pedestrian group＇s size and migration coefficient affect the blocking phase transition.

关 键 词：行人交通流 格子气模型 结队 迁移概率 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]