蒙山沟谷次生林群落结构和物种多样性  

Community Structure and Species Diversity of the Ravine Secondary Forest in Mengshan of Shandong Province

作　　者：高远[1,2] 刘建[2,3] 赵卫光[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]山东省水土保持与环境保育重点实验室临沂大学资源环境学院,山东临沂276005 [2]临沂市科学探索实验室,山东临沂276037 [3]曲阜师范大学生命科学学院,山东曲阜273165

出　　处：《林业资源管理》2017年第4期69-74,109,共7页Forest Resources Management

基　　金：临沂市政府决策咨询项目(2015J05和2015X05)

摘　　要：选取蒙山典型沟谷次生林,设置16个样方,分析群落结构和物种多样性。结果表明:1)蒙山沟谷次生林群落至少包括乔木层植物28种,灌木层植物39种和草本层植物49种,乔木、灌木和草本3种植物类型的个体密度分别为1.425株/m^2,8.892株/m^2和11.73株/m^2。28种乔木根据径级结构划分为12种扩展种、2种隐退种、6种稳定侵入种和8种随机隐退种;2)蒙山沟谷次生林主要乔木种群径级类型为两种,栓皮栎、麻栎、黄檀、槲树、朴树、君迁子和小叶朴为增长型,黑松和赤松为稳定型;3)蒙山沟谷次生林物种丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Simpson多样性指数从高到低均呈现为灌木层>乔木层>草本层,而Pielou均匀度指数则呈现为草本层>灌木层>乔木层。研究结果可为沂蒙山区乃至北方土石山提供科学依据和数据参考。Sixteen quadrats were selected from the ravine secondary forest of Mengshan to analyze the community structure and species diversity. The results show ： 1） The ravine secondary forest community of Mengshan includes at least 28 species of tree layer plants,39 species of shrub layer plants and 49 species of herb layer plants. The individual densities of tree, shrub and herb plant types are 1. 425 plants/m2, 8. 892 plants/m2 and 11. 73 plants/m2. 28 species of trees are classified into 12 extended species,2 re-cessive species,6 stable invaded species and 8 randomly recessive species according to the structure. 2） There are two types of diameter classes of the main tree species in the ravine secondary forest of Mengs-han ：Quercus variabilis, Quercus acutissima, Dalbergia hupeana, Quercus dentate, Celtis sinensis , Diospyros lotus and Celtis koraiensis are growth types. Pinus thunbergii and Pinus densiflora are stable types. 3 ） In the ravine secondary forest of Mengshan, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Simpson diversity index shows the order of shrub layer 〉 tree layer 〉 herb layer, while Pielou evenness index shows the order of herb layer 〉 shrub layer 〉 tree layer. The results can provide scientific basis and data reference for Yimeng mountainous area and northern rocky mountains.

关 键 词：蒙山 沟谷 次生林 种群特征 群落组成 物种多样性 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]