工资谈判与英国雇工的“黄金时代”  

On Wage-Negotiations and the Golden Age of England Laborers

作　　者：王超华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院世界历史研究所,副研究员北京100006

出　　处：《经济社会史评论》2017年第3期35-45,共11页Economic and Social History Review

基　　金：中国社会科学院创新工程项目"多元视角下的古代制度研究"的阶段性成果

摘　　要：中世纪晚期被西方学界视为英国雇工的"黄金时代"。这个时代不是随黑死病爆发自动出现的,而是有一个缓慢的实现过程。谈判是雇工争取高工资的主要手段。瘟疫和人口减少使雇工在市场上处于有利地位,也塑造了当时雇工的劳动心理和工作模式。谈判形式主要是雇工与雇主的单独谈判,但集体谈判已初露端倪。经过谈判,英国雇工的工资和生活水平不断提高,进入历史上的"黄金时代"。从谈判的视角考察英国雇工的生活水平和生存状况,可以加深对中世纪晚期经济、社会结构的认识,为英国劳动关系和劳资政策史的研究提供若干线索。Western academia viewed the later Middle Ages as a Golden Age of England laborers. However, it did not appear automatically after the Black Death, and it had a slow process of realizing. Negotiation was the main way for laborers to strive for the high wages. The Great Plague and population decline gave laborers a vantage position in the labor market, and they also rebuilt the laborers' work ethics and work patterns. Single bargaining was the main form, but collective negotiations began to appear. At last, laborers' wages and the standard of living were improved increasingly, and laborers stepped into the Golden Age. The Study on the wages and living standard through the perspective of wage-negotiation enables us to understand deeply about the economic and social structure in the Middle Ages, and also it offer some clues to the researches on history of English labor relations and labor policies.

关 键 词：工资谈判 英国 雇工 黄金时代 

分 类 号：F249.561[经济管理—劳动经济]