鄂西利川方言表程度的构式——以“-X不过/得很、稀奇、要死/糟了/死了”为例  

Structures of “X bu guo/de hen/de xi qi/de yao si/zao le/si le” in Lichuan Dialect in West Hubei

作　　者：李林[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《龙岩学院学报》2017年第4期34-41,共8页Journal of Longyan University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目"新词语修辞造词的理据及其历史源流研究"(12BYY103);云南省哲学社会科学普及规划项目"中国语言文字游戏研究"(SKPG2012)

摘　　要：鄂西利川方言中"X不过/得很/得稀奇/得要死/糟了/死了"构式为表事物在某阶段呈现事物动作、性状特征或施为频率的"程度构式",在表评议性、感叹性的语气中具有强调作用。这种构式中的X可由动作动词、心理活动动词和感受类形容词、性状类形容词及其词组充当;构式在句法结构中可充当谓语、补语、状语成分;构式可置于句首作插入语,可独立构成感叹句。"X不过/得很/得稀奇/得要死/糟了/死了"构式的语义色彩随X的语义变化而变化;从语义依存关系看,这种构式的语义角色为描写角色,事件关系为当事关系,语义依附标记为程度标记。"X不过/得很/得稀奇/得要死/糟了/死了"与"好/几/几多/真的/死X"在搭配对象、句法特征方面相类似。In Lichuan dialect of Hubei “X bu guo / de hen / de xi qi / de yao si / zao le / si le ” structure for expressing things,actions,characters,or frequency of degrees in a certain stage. In appraisal, the structure stresses the role of exclamatory tone. The type of X can be expressed by the action verbs,psychological verbs and feeling adjectives,adjectives and phrases. The structure can be used as a predicate in syntax structure complement, adverbial; which can be placed in the first sentence as a parenthesis,independent exclamatory sentence. The semantic color of “X bu guo / de hen / de xi qi / de yao si / zao le / si le” will change with the change of meaning. From the semantic dependency,the semantic role of the structure is descriptive,wThose marking semantic attachment belongs to degree mark.The structure of “X bu guo / de hen / de xi qi / de yao si / zao le / si le” is similar with the structure of “hao / ji / ji duo / zhen de / si X” in collocation and syntactic characteristics.

关 键 词：鄂西利川 程度构式 语义依存关系 描写角色 当事关系 程度标记 

分 类 号：H174[语言文字—汉语]