军车驾驶员的速度预测和动作协调能力的实验研究  

The Experimental Research about the Speed Prediction and the Ability of Motion Coordination of the Military Drivers

作　　者：周永垒[1] 李素惠 于泽[1] 朴成宝 白旭[1] 宁勇光 

机构地区：[1]海军大连舰艇学院政治系,大连116001 [2]海军后勤训练基地,邯郸056000

出　　处：《人类工效学》2017年第4期14-17,共4页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(课题批准号:11GJ003-075)

摘　　要：目的通过分析两项分测验中不同水平军车驾驶员的成绩,验证海军不同水平军车驾驶员的速度预期能力与动作协调能力的差异,以预防交通事故发生。方法选取90名军车驾驶员为被试,以他们在两项分测验中的反应时为指标,考察了不同水平驾驶员对不同运动速度的目标的预期反应能力和动作协调能力。结果 (1)当目标物体运动速度为每秒80、110、和140像素时,汽车驾驶员会提前预测,并且优秀驾驶员、一般驾驶员和较差驾驶员判断的误差达到显著性差异水平;(2)当目标物体运动速度为每秒170、和200像素时,汽车驾驶员会推迟预测,并且优秀驾驶员、一般驾驶员和较差驾驶员判断的误差达到显著性差异水平;(3)目标刺激在三组运动,三组静止条件下,优秀驾驶员、一般驾驶员和较差驾驶员的判断反应时差异显著。结论 (1)汽车驾驶员在对目标对象速度预测中,速度较慢的运动目标大多被试提前预测,速度较快的运动目标大多被试则推迟预测,差异非常显著;(2)追碰静止的目标的反应时比追碰运动目标的反应时要短,二者的差异非常显著。Objective To verify the difference of the prediction of the speed and the ability of motion coordina- tion, two experiments were used. Methods The research took 90 drivers of the military vehicles as samples by pro- gramming the experiment and analyzed the results of different military drivers at three levels. Results （ 1 ） When speed of the target was 80,110, and 140 sec/pixel, the drivers would predicted in advance, and the difference of judg- ment error of the excellent driver, the general driver and the poor driver reached the significant level ; （ 2 ） When speed of the target was 170 and 200 see/pixel, the drivers would deferred prediction, and the difference of judgment error of the excellent driver,the general driver and the poor driver reached the significant level;（3） There were three groups of target stimuli, three sets of stationary conditions, the judgment reaction of the excellent drivers, general drivers and poor drivers was significant difference. Conclusion （ 1 ） while vehicle drivers were predicting the speed of the ob- jects, the motion objects at a low speed were predicted in advance, but the prediction of motion objects at a high speed was put off. There existed significant distinction. （2） In the experiment of the motion coordination, the time of reflee- ting the obiects of chase - bump static was shorter than that of chase - hump motion.

关 键 词：军车驾驶员 速度预测 动作协调 交通事故 交通安全 事故预防 运动认知 军事训练 

分 类 号：B842.1[哲学宗教—基础心理学]