距离会导致隔离吗?——海外移民创业网络与东道国集群网络的演化案例研究  

Might Distance Generate Isolation? The Co-evolution Case Study of Overseas Emigrant Entrepreneur Networks and Host Country Cluster Networks

作　　者：张敏[1] 张一力[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州大学商学院,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《外国经济与管理》2017年第9期16-31,46,共17页Foreign Economics & Management

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(71402124);国家自然科学基金资助项目(71273193);浙江省软科学研究计划(2017C35078);浙江省哲学社会科学重点研究基地温州人经济研究中心课题(11JDWZ02YB)

摘　　要：海外移民创业网络与东道国集群网络的协同演化是在"走出去"战略中赢得主动的重要举措。移民企业家既期望从东道国集群网络中获取创新资源,也需要通过与周围环境实施一定程度的隔离来规避风险。借助案例研究,以普拉托温州移民创业网络的演化历程为载体,探究移民创业网络和东道国产业集群网络的演化历程,分析网络协同演化过程中的三类距离(制度距离、能力距离和文化距离)与隔离状态之间的变化规律。研究发现,网络协同演化过程中充斥着利益博弈,导致距离将始终存在;虽然距离将会导致隔离,但是距离最优并不意味着隔离状态发生的概率最小,且文化距离能够前瞻性地预测隔离状态发生的可能性。现阶段需要设法降低三类距离,特别是降低文化距离,以弱化保护性隔离策略的实施动机并促进移民创业网络与东道国集群网络的协同演化。The co-evolution between overseas emigrant entrepreneur networks and cluster networks in host countries is very important to gain the initiative in the going-out strategy. The emigrant entrepreneurs expect to grasp innovation resources from the cluster networks in host countries, as well as adopt isolation strategy to some extent for self-protection. This paper takes Chinese emigrants to Italy as a focal study, explains how the emigrant entrepreneur networks intertwine with cluster networks in host countries and analyzes changing rules between three characteristic distance variables, namely institutional distance, ability distance and cultural distance, and isolation state in the process of network co-evolution. The findings reveal that the interest games in the process of network co-evolution cause the existing of distance. Although distance generate isolation, the minimum level of distance is not equal to the minimized probability of isolation and culture distance can predict the probability of isolation antecedently. In turn, it highlights the decrease in three kinds of distance, especially culture distance, to weaken the motive for the implementation of protection-oriented isolation strategy and accelerate the co- evolution between overseas emigrant entrepreneur networks and cluster networks in host countries.

关 键 词：移民创业网络 东道国集群网络 隔离 距离 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]