基于事件的前瞻记忆与认知控制  

Event-Based Prospective Memory and Cognitive Control

作　　者：周晨琛[1,2] 姬鸣[1,2] 兰楠[1,2] 黄欢[1,2] 游旭群[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学心理学院,西安710062 [2]陕西省行为与认知神经科学重点实验室,西安710062

出　　处：《心理科学》2017年第4期856-862,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71301092);教育部人文社会科学研究项目(13YJC190009);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2016CBY006);陕西师范大学理工科中央高校研究项目(GK201603127)的资助

摘　　要：前瞻记忆和认知控制是人类认知能力的重要组成部分。Bugg等人(2013)发现前瞻记忆多重加工模型和双重认知控制理论具有共性。此后,越来越多的研究者关注认知控制在意图执行中和执行完成后的作用。本文对近年来关于前瞻记忆与认知控制的研究进行了梳理,发现认知控制对前瞻记忆的完成起支持作用,但二者也在脑机制层面存在差异。本研究能为未来更深入地探讨前瞻记忆的加工机制及生理基础提供新的视角。Prospective memory （PM） and cognitive control are core elements of human cognition. However, most existing theories and experimental studies of PM did not consider cognitive control when investigating the process underpinning PM. Bugget al. （2013） integrated PM and cognitive control theories, firstly. They found that there were similarities between multiprocess framework （MPF） of PM and dual mechanisms of cognitive control （DMC）. For instance these two theories both involved preparation and reflexive process during stimulus producing. More specifically, strategic monitoring in MPF was similar to the proactive in DMC for goal-relevant and top-down influences on behavior, while spontaneous retrieval in MPF was similar to the reactive in DMC for bottom-up stimulus orientation. We firstly reviewed researches on the supportive role of cognitive control in PM. According to the three unities of executive control （functional similarity with cognitive control）, shifting, updating, and inhibition are involved in PM. Shifting in PM meant the task-switching feature of the PM paradigm, switching between PM task and ongoing task, or special ongoing task containing switching. Task-switching increased resources consumption regardless in a PM- or ongoing task, and would impair performance of a PM task. Updating in PM meant interruptions during task performance, in which keeping a previous task in mind while performing the present task. It was harmful for PM implementation and may induce catastrophe under particular working conditions. Inhibition in PM was required when intention has been finished, suspended or changed. Whether activation after its completion could be inhibited is still in dispute now. Under some condition, finished cues would prolong RTs of the same stimulus or cause false alarms （commission errors）. However, under the other condition these effects would fade. Secondly, differences between PM and cognitive control were discussed, from methods to activated brain regions. Differences in the

关 键 词：前瞻记忆 认知控制 加工脑区 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]