下颌第一前磨牙根管形态及牙根变异的锥形束CT研究  

Root canal morphology and root variation of the mandibular first premolar:A study by cone-beam computed tomography

作　　者：贾智[1] 孟媛媛 王丽君[3] 许丽昂 杨媛媛[1] 胡美林[1] 王霜[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学口腔医院牙体牙髓科,天津300070 [2]北京瑞尔齿科诊所,北京100004 [3]天津医科大学口腔医院放射科,天津300070

出　　处：《医学研究生学报》2017年第9期948-952,共5页Journal of Medical Postgraduates

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81670953)

摘　　要：目的目前关于下颌第一前磨牙根面沟及根管变异的相关性研究较少。文中旨在利用锥形束CT(CBCT)研究下颌第一前磨牙根管系统及牙根变异情况。方法选取天津医科大学口腔医院牙体牙髓科因正畸、种植或其他治疗而拍摄CBCT的336名患者643颗下颌第一前磨牙。CBCT扫描数据,记录并测量相关信息,并进行统计学分析。结果 643颗牙齿中637颗(99.1%)牙齿为单根牙,6颗为双根牙;502颗牙为单根管(78.1%),133颗牙为双根管(20.7%)。牙根长度平均为(13.2±1.5)mm,根尖孔到解剖性根尖末端的距离平均为(0.93±0.35)mm。123颗(19.1%)牙齿牙根表面存在根面沟,其中双根管占94颗(76.4%),双根管牙齿的根管系统主要呈现Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅶ5种形态。123颗牙齿中Ⅴ型、Ⅲ型、Ⅶ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅳ型、Ⅰ型根管发生率分别为56.1%(69)、15.4%(19)、2.4%(3)、1.6%(2)和0.8%(1)、19.5%(24)。结论下颌第一前磨牙根管系统具有较大的变异性,CBCT能显示牙齿复杂的解剖结构,从而为根管治疗提供可靠依据。[Abstract ] Objective Few studies are reported on the radicular groove and root canal variation of the mandibular first pre-molar. This study aimed to observe the root canal system and root variation of the mandibular first premolar by cone-beam computed tomography （CBCT）. Methods We selected CBCT images of 643 mandibular first premolars of 336 patients and subjected the data obtained to statistical analysis. Results Of the 643 mandibular first premolars, 637 （99.1%） had a single root and the other 6 had double roots; 502 （78.1%） had a single root canal, 133 （20.7%） had two, 5 （0.78%） had three, and 3 （0.47%） presented C- shaped root canal morphology. The average length of the 643 mandibular first premolars was （ 13.2±1.5） mm and the mean distance from the apical foramen to the anatomical apical end of the root was （0.93±0.35） mm. Totally, 123 （19.1%） of the mandibular first premolars had a radicular groove, of which 94 （76.4%） had double root canals and the root canal systems included types Ⅰ in 24 （19.5%） , Ⅱ in2 （1.6%） , in Ⅲ 19 （15.4%） , Ⅳin 1 （0 .8% ） , Ⅴ in 69 （ 56.1%）, and Ⅶ in 3 （ 2.4%）. Conclusion The root canal system of the mandibular first premolar has a significant varia-tion. CBCT can reveal the complex anatomical structure of the man-dibular first premolar and provide reliable evidence for the root canal treatment.

关 键 词：下颌第一前磨牙 根管形态 根面沟 锥形束CT 

分 类 号：R781.3[医药卫生—口腔医学]