双语者语言切换代价的影响因素  

The influenced factors of bilinguals' language switching costs

作　　者：常欣[1] 白鹤 王沛[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学外国语学院,上海200240 [2]上海师范大学教育学院心理学系,上海200234

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2017年第9期1469-1478,共10页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31300928);上海市社科规划一般项目"汉-英双语者语码转换代价的来源"(2017BYY002);上海市浦江人才计划项目(16PJC047)

摘　　要：抑制控制、语言熟练度、任务相关因素和工作记忆容量是双语者语言切换代价的重要影响因素。其中,抑制控制抑或语言熟练程度何者主要调节着双语者的语言切换代价成为抑制控制模型和语言特异性选择模型争论的焦点。为此,未来研究需要在二语习得年龄与语言使用情景等因素是否影响双语者的控制机制、语言切换代价与任务转换代价的本质是否相同、语言切换代价和工作记忆之间的关系及其认知可塑性等领域予以进一步探索。Inhibitory control, language proficiency, related issues of tasks and working memory are the main factors influencing language switching costs. As to the question ＂which factor plays a predominate role in mediating the bilingual＇s language switching cost, inhibitory control or language proficiency？＂, there is a heated debate between Inhibitory Control Model and Language-Specific Selection Model. Therefore, the related studies in the future should further explore whether the age of second language acquisition and language use influence the bilinguals＇ inhibitory control, whether language switching cost and task switching cost are similar in nature and the relationship between language switching cost and working memory.

关 键 词：语言切换代价 抑制控制 熟练度 任务因素 工作记忆 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]