如何使中小学生理解近视眼成因与防控机制  

How to understand the causes and prevention and control mechanism of myopia in primary and secondary school students

作　　者：徐亮[1] 李建军[1] 徐捷[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院北京同仁眼科中心北京市眼科研究所眼科学与视觉科学北京市重点实验室,100005

出　　处：《眼科》2017年第4期220-222,共3页Ophthalmology in China

摘　　要：高度近视眼已成为华人首位致盲眼病,中小学生是近视眼发生发展的窗口期,因此对其近视眼防控的科普至关重要。本文介绍近视眼眼流行病学研究,了解近视眼的危害、诱因及发生规律。通过上下半球对比图示帮助理解近视眼发生的机制,特别是看近时眼肌调节及眼轴补偿机制图。介绍临床试验荟萃研究,了解近视眼防控有效性是如何评价的。告诫防控误区,掌握近视眼综合性防控新模式。High myopia has become the first blinding eye disease in Chinese. Primary and secondary school students are the window period of myopia development. Therefore, the prevention and control of myopia is very important. This paper introduces the epi-demiology of myopia and the hazards, causes and regularities of myopia. The upper and lower hemispheric contrast patterns help to un-derstand the mechanism of myopia, especially ocular muscle accommodation, and axial compensation mechanisms in the near-seeing. A meta-analysis of clinical trials to assess how effective the prevention and control of myopia is also introduced. Errors of the prevention and control of myopia is warned. The new pattern of comprehensive prevention and control of myopia is proposed.

关 键 词：近视眼 防控 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]