甲卡西酮成瘾者的心理特点及其对戒毒的启示  

The Psychological Characteristics of Mephedrone Addicts and Its Implication for Correction

作　　者：张峰[1] 殷海博 张乐雅[1] 苏贵生 史庆国 贾志刚 王立勋 杜妍[2] 刘宁[2] 夏嫣雨 张卓[2] 杨波[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学刑事司法学院 [2]中国政法大学社会学院 [3]长治大辛庄强制隔离戒毒所

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2017年第9期1437-1440,F0003,共5页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(编号:15BSH085);北京市社会科学基金一般项目(编号:15SHB019);北京市社会科学基金一般项目(编号:14JYB018);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(编号:10YJCXLX063);中国政法大学人文社会科学研究项目;中国政法大学重点学科应用心理学以及中国政法大学博士创新实践项目(编号:2016BSCX17)

摘　　要：目的:通过调查分析强制隔离戒毒人员中甲卡西酮成瘾者的心理特点,为开展有针对性的分类矫治提供理论依据。方法:通过问卷收集甲卡西酮组(177人)、冰毒组(153人)和海洛因组(64人)的人口学信息、毒品滥用史和人格特点,比较不同组心理特点的异同。结果:3组成瘾者在年龄、受教育程度、首次吸毒年龄、强戒次数和吸毒使用时间上均存在显著差异(F=14.24,5.34,20.93,119.74,189.85;P<0.01)。甲卡西酮组的冲动性和感觉寻求显著低于冰毒组和海洛因组(F=4.53,13.13;P<0.01),自我控制显著高于冰毒组和海洛因组(F=9.99,P<0.01),只有冰毒组的身体攻击得分显著高于甲卡西酮组(F=5.03,P<0.01)。成瘾者的首次吸毒年龄与冲动性、感觉寻求呈显著负相关,与自我控制呈显著正相关(r=-0.227,-0.312,0.217;P<0.001)。结论:不同毒品成瘾者具有不同的人格特点,应根据成瘾者的心理和行为特点进行有针对性的矫治。Objective：To explore the psychological characteristics of mephedron addicts and provide theoretical ba-sis to carry out personalized psychotherapy intervention in compulsory isolated drug detoxification and rehabilitation. Methods：394 participants were asked to fulfill questionnaires,which were divided into three groups：Heroin group, methamphetamine group and mephedrone group.Demographic data,drug abuse history and personality characteris-tics were collected.Results：There were significant differences in age,education years,the onset age,drug use years and time of drug abuse among three groups（F =14.24,5.34,20.93,119.74,189.85;P 〈0.01）.In the scores of impul-sive and sensation seeking,mephedrone group was significantly higher than MA group and heroin group（F =4.53, 13.13;P 〈0.01）,but in the score of self-control,mephedrone group was significantly less than MA group and hero-in group（F =9.99,P 〈0.01）.The MA group was significantly higher than mephedrone group in the score of aggres-sion（F =5.03,P 〈 0.01 ）.The onset age of drug use was markedly negatively associated with impulsive,sensation seeking and was markedly positively associated with self-control（r =-0.227,-0.312,0.217;P 〈0.001 ）.Conclusion：There are similarities and differences in personality characteristics among three groups.It is necessary to implement individualized psychological and behavioral invention treatment.

关 键 词：甲卡西酮 冰毒 海洛因 强制隔离戒毒 METHAMPHETAMINE (MA) 

分 类 号：R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学]