家榆胚胎学研究  

Study on Embryology of Ulmus pumila L.

作　　者：郑婧媛 李芸增 周萃萃 卢耘申 王秀华[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《植物研究》2017年第5期651-657,共7页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：东北林业大学生命科学学院院级大学生创新项目资助~~

摘　　要：采用常规石蜡切片法,借助光学显微镜对家榆胚胎发育进行研究,研究结果表明:(1)家榆的花药具4个药室;小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程中的胞质分裂为同时型;小孢子四分体排列为四面体型和左右对称型;成熟花粉为2-细胞型;(2)花药壁发育类型为双子叶型,腺质绒毡层;(3)家榆子房两心皮1室,侧膜胎座,1枚倒生胚珠,双珠被,厚珠心;四分体呈直线型和T型排列;(4)家榆胚囊类型为单孢子蓼型胚囊;胚的发育类型为茄型;核型胚乳;无胚乳型种子。The processes of embryology of Ulmus pumila L. were observed by serial paraffin sections and under optical microscope. The results are as follows： the anther wall of U. pumila L. includes 4 layers; the cytoplasmic division of microspore mother cells during meiosis was simultaneous; the tetrad of microspores resulted from the meiosis are simultaneously bilateral and tetrahedral; mature pollen grains are two-cell type.The development of the anther wall belongs to a dicotyledonous type. Tapetum belongs to glandular tapetum.The ovary consists of 2 carpels with a single locule,parietal placenta,anatropous ovule,double integument,and thick nucellus. The tetrad of megaspores is linear or T-type in arrangement. Embryo sac of U. pumila L. is of single-spore polygonum type. The embryogenesis of U. pumila L. conformed to the So-lanad type; karyotype endosperm; cotyledon embryo without endosperm.

关 键 词：家榆 胚胎学 大、小孢子 雌、雄配子体 胚 胚乳 

分 类 号：S564.1[农业科学—作物学]