喀斯特山地河谷人居生态系统研究:以贵州安顺扁担山布依聚落为例  

Research on Ecological System in Karst Mountain Valley:A Case Study of Baishui River Valley in Anshun Municipal,Guizhou

作　　者：周政旭[1] 刘加维 钱云[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学,北京100084 [2]北京林业大学,北京100084

出　　处：《贵州民族研究》2017年第8期106-111,共6页Guizhou Ethnic Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"基于县域尺度的贵州贫困地区空间格局;产生机制及规划应对研究"(课题号:51508298)

摘　　要：贵州安顺市白水河流域为典型的喀斯特山地河谷地貌,数百年前布依族先民即开始在此营建居所并发展至今。植根于传统稻耕民族的生产生活方式及社会文化传统,与当地喀斯特山地河谷独特的自然地理环境紧密结合,河谷布依族聚落形成"山—水—林—田—村"的基本空间格局,蕴含着丰富的生态文明智慧。本文从河谷地带垂直特性上解析人居环境系统的结构层次,认为由山脊至河谷底部可依次分为山林涵养带、聚落-山林过渡区、村落聚居带、村落-稻田过渡区、河谷稻作带。文章分析了每个层次的特点、功能及相互之间关系。在前述基础上,文章分析并建构了该河谷区域人居环境生态系统垂直循环的过程模型。最后文章讨论了该系统面临的现状问题,提出延续喀斯特山地河谷地区人与自然的和谐关系的建议。Baishui River valley of Anshun Municipal in Guizhou is a typical karst mountain area. Buyi ancients began to construct residences in this valley hundreds of years ago. The Ways of production and living and social culture are rooted in traditional rice farming nationality, and combined closely with the unique natural geographical environment of karst mountain valley, which forms a basic spatial pattern： Mountain- Water- Forest- Paddy Field- Village, and contains rich wisdom of ecological civilization. This paper analyzes the layers of residential environment system from vertical characters of the river valley, including the forest layer, the forest- village transitional region, the village layer, the village-paddy transitional region, and paddy field layer from the ridge to the bottom of the valley. This paper also analyses the characters, functions and mutual relationships of the layers. Based on those findings, the paper proposes the process model of vertical circulations of ecological system in the valley. Finally, this paper discusses current problems of the system, and puts forward some suggests to continue harmonious relationship between human and nature in karst mountain valley.

关 键 词：喀斯特山地河谷 布依族 生态系统 垂直特征 白水河 贵州 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]