振动作用对蜜瓜应力松弛特性及采后延迟损伤的影响  

THE CHANGE OF DELAYED DAMAGE AND STRESS RELAXATION PROPERTIES OF POSTHARVEST MUSKMELONS BASED ON THE EFFECT OF VIBRATION

作　　者：刘建志[1] 杨晓清[1] 杜亚楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学食品科学与工程学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《内蒙古农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第3期58-65,共8页Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2013MS1204);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY13078);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD38B01)

摘　　要：振动会使果实品质下降、储藏期缩短,主要原因是振动导致的果实细胞膜损伤、细胞液流失以及延迟损伤,这往往被人们忽视。该文模拟蜜瓜运输情况,探究常温下不同频率振动对蜜瓜贮藏期内的品质和流变特性的影响,分别测定不同频率振动后的蜜瓜在贮藏期内细胞膜渗透性、可溶性固形物和应力松弛特性,采用广三元件流变模型拟合出应力松弛特性参数,为了解运输过程中振动引起的果实损伤机理及减损的缓冲包装应用提供科学参考。试验结果表明,振动对平衡弹性模量E_e影响显著,对衰变弹性模量E_1影响不显著。不论高频还是低频振动情况下,振动延迟效应在果实后续储藏中对衰变弹性模量E_1、平衡弹性模量E_e和延迟时间均有影响,低频尤为明显;振动对蜜瓜的细胞膜渗透率有明显影响;细胞膜渗透率与应力松弛特性参数在各频率下均呈显著负相关;由于振动对呼吸速率的激发作用,在振动后的储藏前期,果实固形物含量呈增加趋势,而在储藏后期由于果实细胞膜破坏、细胞液渗出逐渐由微观转入宏观状态,果肉出现汁液流入空腔、软化现象,可溶性固形物含量快速降低,并且低频振动对可溶性固形物影响较大。Vibration could decrease fruit quality and shorten storage period, which is mainly due to cell membrane damage, cell fluid loss and delayed damage caused by vibration, but the reason is often overlooked. This study sinmlated the muskmelon transporta- tion situation, to investigate the effects of muskmelon quality and rheological properties through different frequencies vibration process- ing during storage at room temperature. Which would reflect the delayed damage caused on muskmelon by vibration, and would pro- vide scientific reference for reducing the delayed damage caused by vibration during transportation. This study measured the mem- brane permeability, soluble solids, and stress relaxation properties of muskmelons at different frequencies during storage. Maxwell generalized five -element rheological model is selected to fit the stress relaxation properties parameters. The results showed that vi-bration has a significant impact on balanced elasticity modulus E~ other than that of delayed elasticity modulus E1. Meanwhile, both instant effect vibration and delayed effect vibration increased the permeability of muskmelon cell membrane, an obvious growth espe- cially to a lower vibrate frequency. The vibration increased the soluble solids in the early stage, and later accelerated the decomposi- tion, and the low frequency has a greater impact. In addition, muskmelons＇stress relaxation properties were changed significant, in- creased the change amount of elastic modulus, the lower frequency has a great influence on it. Vibration can increase the cell mem- brane permeability, decrease the turgor pressure, and decrease the ability to cope with external pressure. It is not good for later stor- age, and the delayed damage caused by low frequency vibration is obvious, and it will accelerate muskmelons pulp softening, quality decay, and shorten the storage period etc. Vibration had great influence on muskmelons＂ qualities, such as decreased soluble solids content and made taste become worse. Therefore, it＇s nec

关 键 词：蜜瓜 振动 运输 应力松弛 贮藏品质 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]