北京市某燃气电厂职业病危害因素检测与评价  

Detection and evaluation of occupational hazards in a gas power plant in Beijing

作　　者：李香玲[1] 赵容[1] 徐金平[1] LI Xiang-ling ZHAO Rong XU Jin-ping(Health Evaluation Center of Construction Project,Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Beijing Research Centre for Preventive Medicine ,Beijing, 100020, China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心/北京市预防医学研究中心建设项目卫生评价所,北京100020

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第16期2165-2168,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解燃气电厂生产过程中的职业病危害因素及其危害程度,并确定职业病防护关键点。方法采用职业卫生检测法、职业卫生现场调查法、职业健康检查等方法进行职业病危害评价。结果工作场所中电焊烟尘、其他粉尘的8 h时间加权平均浓度为0.22、0.06 mg/m^3。工作场所中氢氧化钠、盐酸、氨、硫酸、甲烷、一氧化碳、二氧化氮、氟化物等浓度均未超标。巡检人员和点检员噪声等效声级最高为88.6、88.3 d B(A)。巡检人员时间加权湿球黑球温度(WBGT)为27.7℃,巡检作业为高温作业。1#~3#变压器(220 kV)工频电场范围为165.2~413.2 V/m。结论燃气电厂职业病危害防治要点是稳态噪声、高温。稳态噪声的危害程度较高,噪声的职业病防护措施应重点关注个体防护用品的使用及劳动者实际接触噪声的时间。[Objective]To understand the occupational hazard factors and hazard degree in the production process of gas power plant,determine the key points of occupational protection.[Methods] Occupational health test,occupational health field investigation and occupational health examination were used in the occupational hazard assessment. [Results] 8-hour concentration-time weighted average of welding fume and other dust in workplace was 0.22 and 0.06 mg/m3 respectively. The concentrations of sodium hydroxide,hydrochloric acid,ammonia,sulfuric acid,methane,carbon monoxide,nitrogen dioxide and fluorides were lower than the occupational exposure limits. The maximum value of noise equivalent sound level in routing inspection workers and spot testing workers was 88.6 and 88.3 d B（A）,which exceeded the occupational exposure limit. The wet bulb globe temperature index（WBGT）-time weighted average of routing inspection workers was 27.7 ℃,which indicated the routing inspection operation belonged to heat stress work. The intensities of power frequency electric field of 1#-3# transformer（220 k V）were between 165.2 V/m and 413.2 V/m.[Conclusion]Steady noise and high temperature are the keys of prevention and control of occupational hazards in gas power plant. The hazard of steady noise is serious,and the occupational noise prevention measures against noise should focus on the use of personal protective articles and the duration of actual exposure to noise.

关 键 词：燃气电厂 职业病危害因素 职业病危害防护措施 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]