重建乡村共同体:从村民自治到社区自治  

Reconstructing the Rural Community:From Villager Self-Governance to Community Self-Governance

作　　者：谢安民[1] 薛晓婧 余恺齐 高雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2017年第9期98-106,共9页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：郎友兴教授主持的浙江省民政厅2016年度重点委托课题<浙江农村基层组织建设与治理有效运行研究>的成果之一

摘　　要：自人民公社解体后,广大乡村开始向村民自治转型。但数十年来,村民自治饱受"行政化"等诸多问题困扰,其根本原因在于共同体精神的缺失。当下的乡村社区自治,应当正视村民的主体地位,形成共同体治理和国家治理的互动局面。村民权力是社区自然形成的权威,村委会权力的有效性取决于其融入社区权威的程度。村民参与是社区权力的共有共享,独立自主的投票参与固然需要,但是无法代替村庄事务决策的共同参与和协商。村民整合以社区默契为基础,体制内外精英与普通村民应当通过社区认同有机整合到社区权威中。Since the disintegration of the people's commune, the vast rural areas began to transform into the villagers' autonomy. But for decades, villager autonomy has been beset with problems such as 'administration' and so on. The basic reason lies in the absence of community spirit. The current rural community autonomy should face up to the main body status of the villagers and form an interactive situation between community governance and state governance. The villagers' power is the authority of the natural formation of the community, and the effectiveness of the village committee power depends on the degree of its integration into the community authority. The villagers' participation is the common sharing of community power, and independent voting participation is necessary, but it cannot replace the joint participation and consultation of village affairs decision-making. The integration of villagers is based on the community consensus, and the elite and ordinary villagers in the system should be integrated into the community authority through community identification.

关 键 词：共同体 村民自治 社区自治 农民参与 农民分化 

分 类 号：D638[政治法律—政治学]