语义倾向论与条件句分析  

Semantic Dispositionalism and Conditional Analysis

作　　者：赵晓聃[1] ZHAO Xiao - dan(Research Center for Philosophy of Science and Technology in Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Chin)

机构地区：[1]山西大学科学技术哲学研究中心,太原030006

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2017年第5期20-26,共7页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"当代语义学视域中的意义与规范性问题研究"(12CZX041);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"科学解释与科学哲学的现代性研究(16JJD720013)

摘　　要：语义倾向论者力图通过说话者的言语行为倾向及相关事实而展开对语言的使用规则与意义的自然主义说明,克里普克基于规范性的立场批判了语义倾向论解释。倾向论者认为克里普克低估了倾向性问题的复杂性,尽管关于倾向性与条件句之间的关系存在不同观点,但他们仍然试图通过倾向性的条件句分析揭示倾向性的本质内涵,并且通过"理想条件"的澄清与说明对各种反例的批评与质疑做出回应。然而,"理想条件"的反事实条件句分析虽然为考察表达式的正确性条件提供了新视角,但同样无法充分证明倾向性解释的合理性。The semantic dispositionalists argue serve as a naturalistic account for the rules and that the behavioral dispositions and related facts about speakers will meaning of linguistic expressions. Kripke argued against the seman- tic dispositionalism due to his normative view of meaning. But in the eyes of the dispositionalists, Kripke over- looked the complexity of relative problems. Although the relationship between dispositions and conditionals is still in question, dispositionalists hold that it＇ s natural to reveal the necessary aspects of disposition by conditional anal- ysis, Kripke ify the signifi ＇ s criticism will disappear and the questions raised by the counterexamples will be answered if we clar- cance of ideal conditions. Unfortunately, the analysis of counterfactuals concerning ideal conditions cannot prove the rationality of the dispositional accounts, although it offers us a new perspective to examine the correctness conditions of expressions.

关 键 词：倾向性 条件句 规则 意义 

分 类 号：N02[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]