俄罗斯肿瘤晚期病人的姑息治疗对我国的启示  

The Enlightenment of Palliative Care for Advanced Cancer Patients in Russia

作　　者：马华 岳长红[1] 瞿平[1] 李力威 张程 尹梅[1] MA Hua YUE Changhong QU Ping LI Liwei ZHANG Cheng YIN Mei(School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学人文社会科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2017年第9期1107-1113,共7页Chinese Medical Ethics

基　　金：黑龙江省社科重点规划项目"医疗体制转型与我国医患关系变革研究"(编号:14A005);四川省哲学社会科学重点研究基地四川医事卫生法治研究中心立项课题"面对突发事件的医学生生死教育研究"(编号:YF15-Y01);黑龙江省哲学社科研究规划项目"叙事医学视阈下医学教育全新模式的研究"(编号:15EDB04)

摘　　要：介绍了俄罗斯姑息治疗的现况和临终关怀体系。同时介绍了姑息治疗体系存在的问题:姑息治疗覆盖面窄、地区间发展不均衡,姑息治疗的医务人员匮乏,执业技能亟待提高,姑息治疗人才培训体系不完善、培训质量不高,医务人员工作压力大,人才流失严重、社会认知程度不够,志愿者服务体系不发达,精神类和麻醉类药物获得率低。在上述基础上,简介了俄罗斯姑息治疗的发展战略,并论述了其对我国的启示:政府有关部门要重视、出台姑息治疗的法律规范,完善姑息治疗服务体系、建设配套设施,合理规划姑息治疗体系,实现服务管理、科研一体化,将保障姑息治疗资金纳入国家预算。This paper introduced the present situation and the existing problems of palliative care and hospice care system in Russia. The coverage of palliative is narrow, regional development is not balanced, the medical professionals in palliative care is lack, the professional skills should be improved urgently, the training system of palliative care is not perfect and the quality of training is not high, the medical professionals have high work pressure, the brain drain is serious, the social cognition is not enough, the volunteer service system is underdeveloped, and the acquisition rate of mental and narcotic drugs is low. On the basis of the above, this paper introduced the development strategy of Russian palliative care, and discussed the enlightenment to our country. For example, govern- ment departments should attach importance to the introduction of legal norms of palliative care, perfect the service system of palliative care, establish the supporting facilities, reasonably plan palliative care system, implement the integration of service management and scientific research, and bring the guarantee palliative care fund into the national budget.

关 键 词：姑息治疗 临终关怀 生命尊严 生命质量 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]