外胚叶发育不全患儿的颅颌面影像学分析  

Craniomaxillofacial Images Analysis of Children with Ectodermal Dysplasia

作　　者：李思洁[1] 赵琪 肖雪[1] 曾秉辉[1] 朱玲[1] 赵玮[1] LI Si-jie ZHAO Qi XIAO Xue ZENG Bing-hui ZHU Ling ZHAO Wei(Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学光华口腔医学院附属口腔医院//广东省口腔医学重点实验室,广东广州510055 [2]咸宁市中心医院//湖北科技学院附属第一医院,湖北咸宁437100

出　　处：《中山大学学报（医学科学版）》2017年第5期797-800,F0003,共5页Journal of Sun Yat-Sen University:Medical Sciences

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(2014A030313126);广州市科技计划项目(201609010015)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨外胚叶发育不全(ED)患儿牙列情况、上下颌骨发育情况及蝶鞍大小,分析与同龄人间的发育差异。【方法】收集六名6~7岁的ED患儿头颅侧位X线片,其中男性5名,女性1名。记录患儿牙列情况,选择与上下颌及蝶鞍发育相关的17个测量项目,与国内健康的同龄人相比较并作分析。【结果】本研究结果显示,ED患儿恒牙列平均缺牙数为22.3个,乳牙列人均缺牙数为16.2个;尤以恒侧切牙及第一乳磨牙、上颌第一前磨牙、上颌乳侧切牙和下颌乳中切牙最常缺失,且余留牙均呈圆锥形小牙;头影测量结果显示全部病例ANS-Ptm减小,提示上颌骨发育不足;头影测量结果显示所有病例的Co-Po、ANB、NA-PA、N-Me、N-ANS和ANS-Me均减小,部分病例的SNA、Y轴角、MP-FH、S-Co显著减小,部分病例的SNB、NP-FH、NP-FH增大,提示下颌发育不足,下颌前伸,向上前旋转;部分病例的ANS-Me/N-Me~*100%显著减小,N-ANS/N-Me~*100%显著增高,提示面下高度不足;5例患儿的蝶鞍长度、直径低于正常值,2名患儿的蝶鞍深度低于正常值,提示蝶鞍发育异于常人。【结论】ED患儿的牙齿、上下颌骨及蝶鞍的发育均异于常人,上下颌均发育不足,面下高度降低。【Objective】To study the dental status,the development of jaw and the size of sella turcica of children with ectodermal dysplasia（ED）.【Methods】Panaramic radiography and lateral cephalograms of six ED individuals（age range of 6 ~ 7 years,five males and one female）were obtained. The dental status was record. 17 measurements about the jaws and the sella turcica were measured and compare them to Chinese children without ED syndrome.【Results】The mean number of missing teeth was 22.3 in permanent dentition and 16.2 in primary dentition;The teeth that most likely to absent were permanent lateral incisor,maxillary first premolar,maxillary primary lateral incisor and mandibular primary central incisor,and all remaining teeth are in conical shape. Lateral cephalometric measurements showed that all ED subjects had lower ANS-Ptm,which suggested a short maxilla. Low Co-Po,ANB,NA-PA,N-Me,N-ANS and ANS-Me values that were found in all subjects,as well as low SNA,Y-axis,MP-FH,S-Co,and high SNB,NP-FH,NP-FH that were noted in some subjects showed counterclockwise rotation and protrusion of mandible with shorter length in ED subjects. Some subjects had low ANS-Me/N-Me×100% and high N-ANS/N-Me×100%,representing a short facial height. Five cases represented lower length and diameter of sella turcica;two cases showed lower depth of sella turcica,indicating the abnormal development of sella turcica.【Conclusion】The results of this study suggest that the dentition,jaws and sella turcica in ED children differs when compared to individuals without this syndrome.

关 键 词：外胚叶发育不全 头影侧位分析 牙列 蝶鞍 颌骨 

分 类 号：R788[医药卫生—口腔医学]