Environmental Effects of Returning Rice and Wheat Straw to Fields  

稻麦秸秆还田的环境效应（英文）

作　　者：何成芳[1] 朱鸿杰[1] 孔祥强[1] 李彩丹 闫晓明[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院农产品加工研究所,安徽合肥230031 [2]合肥学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《Agricultural Science & Technology》2017年第9期1710-1715,共6页农业科学与技术（英文版）

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题支持,项目编号:(2016YFD03002-2)~~

摘　　要：Based on advances in returning rice and wheat straw to fields at home and abroad, environmental physical, chemical and ecological effects of returning rice and wheat straw to fields were analyzed. The results show that returning straw to fields can enhance soil porosity, reduce soil bulk density, and increase the ca- pacity of soil to preserve water, fertilizer and temperature. Besides, it can improve the content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil, of which the increase of potassium content is the most obvious. Meanwhile, it can provide energy and nutrients for microorganisms in soil and change the activity of soil enzymes, of which it affects invertase most greatly and enhances the activity of ure- ase but has no effect on neutral phosphatase. In addition, it can enhance the total quantity of microorganisms in soil obviously, and the increase correlates positively with the quantity of straw returning to fields. Finally, returning straw to fields can promote the sustainable development of agriculture.依据国内外对稻麦秸秆还田的研究进展,从秸秆还田所引起的生态效应、环境物理效应和环境化学效应3个方面综合分析了环境效应的变化,具体表现在秸秆还田能提高土壤孔隙度、降低容重、增强土壤保水保肥保温能力;秸秆还田后提高土壤有机质含量,土壤中氮磷钾养分含量均有增加,尤以钾素的增加最为明显;秸秆还田为微生物提供能源与营养源引起土壤酶的活性变化,对转化酶影响最大,对脲酶活性也有促进作用,对中性磷酸酶作用不大;秸秆还田后明显增加了土壤微生物的总量,并表现出秸秆还田数量越多、时间越长,增加量越多的规律;作物秸秆还田能促进农业可持续发展。

关 键 词：Rice-wheat rotation Returning straw to fields Environmental effects 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]