西南山区典型低频泥石流沟谷特征与监测预警——以四川省泸定县兴隆沟为例  

ALLEY CHARACTERISTICS AND MONITORING AND WARNING OF TYPICAL LOW FREQUENCY DEBRIS FLOW IN SOUTHWEST MOUNTAINOUS AREA——TAKE XINGLONG GULLY AS AN EXAMPLE

作　　者：徐如阁[1] 铁永波[1] 巴仁基[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心,成都610081

出　　处：《地质灾害与环境保护》2017年第3期10-13,共4页Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(DD20160722)资助

摘　　要：兴隆沟是一条典型的低频泥石流沟,其流域面积大,主沟长度长,沟床比降小,物源充足,植被覆盖率高,堆积扇下切深度大。通过分析兴隆沟沟谷特征、物源特征和植被特征,确立低频泥石流识别指标为主沟长度≥10km,流域面积≥30km2,主沟沟床比降≤200‰,流域植被覆盖率≥70%,老堆积扇下切深度≥4m,流域形态为扇形,流域内岩体易破碎或易风化。兴隆沟沟口居民聚居,受泥石流威胁,由于无工程防治措施,在2011年安装多种监测设备进行监测预警;通过实践发现,除自动雨量计外,多数监测设备的使用寿命较短,因此建议低频泥石流以雨量监测为主。Xinglong gully is a typical gully of low-frequency debris flow, which has a larger drainage area,a longer main channel, a smaller channel bed gradient, sufficient source of debris flow, higher vegetation coverage and a larger fan with a lower dinting depth. Based on the analysis of gully characteristics, source characteristics and vegetation characteristics, the identification index of low frequency debris flow is established, which are main channel length is larger than 10 km, the drainage area is larger than 30 km^2 , the main gully bed gradient is less than 200 per thousand, the vegetation coverage rate is more than 70%, the old fan dinting depth more than 4m, valley morphology is fan-shaped, rock mass is easily broken or weathered. Residents living in the downstream of Xinglong gully are threatened by the debris flow. Because of no engineering prevention measures, China Geological Survey installed a variety of monitoring equipment for monitoring and early warning in 2011. Through practice, it is found that the life of most monitoring equipments is short, so it is suggested that the monitoring of low frequency debris flow should be mainly based on rainfall monitoring.

关 键 词：泥石流 低频 监测预警 泸定县兴隆沟 四川省 

分 类 号：X141[环境科学与工程—环境科学] P642.23[天文地球—工程地质学]