宽恕与攻击的关系:马基雅维里主义的作用  

The Relationship Between Forgiveness and Aggression: The Role of Machiavellianism

作　　者：耿耀国[1] 赛雪莹 刘亚楠[1] 郭伟伟[1] 王丛丹 杨子 闫凤严 GENG Yaoguo SAI Xueying LIU Ya＇nan GUO Weiwei WANG Congdan YANG Zihao YAN Fengyan(School of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学教育学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2017年第9期56-63,共8页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：全国教育科学"十三五"规划2017年度国家一般课题"黑暗三联征对青少年品行问题的影响及机制研究"(项目批准号:BBA170064)成果

摘　　要：目的:探索宽恕水平对攻击行为的影响,以及马基雅维里主义特质对这两者关系的调节作用;方法:采用随机整群抽样法在某大学抽取577名大学生为被试,使用人际侵犯动机量表(TRIM-12)、Buss和Perry攻击问卷中文版(AQ-CV)和黑暗十二条量表(DD)问卷进行调查。结果:男性被试的马基雅维里主义、报复因子、身体攻击和言语攻击得分显著高于女性被试;马基雅维里主义与报复因子、回避因子、身体攻击、言语攻击(仅男性被试)、敌意和指向自我的攻击显著正相关,而报复因子与身体攻击、言语攻击、敌意和指向自我的攻击显著正相关,回避因子与身体攻击和指向自我的攻击(仅女性被试)正向相关;马基雅维里主义与报复因子的相关系数女性被试高于男性被试,马基雅维里主义与言语攻击相关系数男性被试高于女性被试;马基雅维里主义特质可负向调节回避因子对身体攻击和言语攻击的预测作用;结论:管控大学生的攻击行为,不仅要提高其宽恕水平,并设法降低其马基雅维里主义倾向,而且要注意性别差异。This study aims to explore the effect of forgiveness on aggressive behaviors and the moderation of Machiavellianism, by testing 577 college students with the Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivations Scale--12-Item Form （TRIM-12）, the Chinese version of the Buss ＆ Perry Aggression Questionnaire （AQ-CV）, and the Dirty Dozen （DD）. The results indicate the following： The boys scored significantly higher than the girls in Machiavellianism, revenge, physical aggression, and verbal aggression; Machiavellianism was significantly and positively correlated with revenge, avoidance, physical aggression, verbal aggression （boys only）, hostility and self-directed aggression, revenge was significantly and positively correlated with physical aggression, verbal aggression, hostility and self-directed aggression, and avoidance was positively correlated with physical aggression and self-directed aggression （girls only）; the girls scored higher in the correlations between Machiavellianism and revenge, and the boys scored higher in the correlations between Machiavellianism and verbal aggression; Machiavellianism negatively moderated the effect of avoidance on physical aggression and verbal aggression. The study concludes that to control college students＇ aggression, it is a must to improve their forgiveness and reduce Machiavellianism, and heed the gender difference.

关 键 词：宽恕 攻击 马基雅维里主义 

分 类 号：B846[哲学宗教—心理学]