湘西花垣县兴银锰业周边土壤重金属污染评价及优势植物蓄积特征  

Assessment of soil heavy metal pollution and bioaccumulation characteristics of dominant plants around Huayuan Country Xingyin Manganese Industry in Xiangxi

作　　者：张海涛[1] 刘亚宾[1] 许云海[1] 杨海君[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学植物保护学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2017年第9期1003-1009,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(No.2016JJ5015);长沙市科技计划项目(No.K1403022-31)

摘　　要：为了解湘西花垣县兴银锰业周边土壤重金属污染状况及优势植物蓄积特征,采集了当地空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)、窃衣(Torilis scabra)、商陆(Phytolacca acinosa Roxb.)、五月艾(Artemisia indica)、蒿草(Kobresia)、川莓(Rubus setchuenensis)等6种优势植物,根际土壤及5~10 m范围内未长植物的裸露土壤进行了研究。结果表明,研究区土壤主要存在Pb、Zn、Cu、Mn、Cd等污染,土壤中Fe、Cr污染程度处于相对安全等级,裸露土壤单因子污染指数和内梅罗综合污染指数高于根际土壤;6种优势植物对重金属的富集量未超出临界值,对重金属具有较强的转运能力;植物根际土壤中真菌、细菌、放线菌数分别为裸露土壤中真菌、细菌、放线菌数的1.19~2.19倍、1.33~1.72倍、1.02~1.52倍。In order to explore the situation of soil heavy metal pollution and the bioaccumulation characteristics of dominant plants around Huayuan Xingyin Manganese Industry in Xiangxi,dominant plants such as Alternanthera philoxeroides,Torilis scabra,Phytolacca acinosa Roxb.,Artemisia indica,Kobresia,Rubus setchuenensis,rhizosphere soil and bare soil in the range of 5-10 m near the rhizosphere soil were researched. The results showed that Pb,Zn,Cu,Mn and Cd polluted the soil in the study area,Fe and Cr pollution in the soil was at the relative safety level. The single factor pollution index and the comprehensive pollution index of bare soil were higher than that of rhizosphere soil. The enrichment of heavy metals in six kinds of dominant plants did not exceed the critical value. The six kinds of dominant plants had strong heavy metals transport ability. Furthermore,the quantities of fungi,bacteria,actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil were 1.19-2.19 times,1.33-1.72 times,1.02-1.52 times of those in bare soil,respectively.

关 键 词：花垣县 兴银锰业 重金属污染 优势植物 蓄积特征 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X825