产科跌倒风险评估量表的制定及其信效度检验  

Development of risk assessment scale of maternal fall and its reliability and validity test

作　　者：冯嘉蕾[1] 赵雪艳[1] 包艾荣 陈梅[1] 齐静[1] 程海丹[1] 刘军[1] Feng Jialei Zhao Xueyan Bao Airong Chen Mei Qi Jing Cheng Haidan Liu Jun(Maternity Ward, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院产房,北京100034

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2017年第22期2859-2863,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的 旨在通过文献综述、条目检测、信效度分析等方法,编制产科专用的跌倒风险评估量表,通过信效度检测,以被产前、产时、产后妇女保健所应用.方法 通过查阅文献中产科孕、产妇跌倒的风险因素、借鉴国内外其他跌倒风险评估工具的条目等方式拟定产科孕产妇跌倒风险评估量表的条目并进行权重赋值,形成产科孕产妇跌倒风险评估量表的初始量表,再对2016年5—12月154名住院孕产妇进行评估,检验孕产妇住院期间跌倒风险评估量表的信度和效度.结果 产科跌倒风险评估量表的重测信度为0.822,评定者间信度为0.926;专家评价内容效度为0.927,ROC曲线下面积为0.750（P〈0.05）,当界值为3.5时,敏感度和特异度的和最大,即敏感度为0.714,特异度为0.714.结论 新的产科跌倒风险评估量表具有较好的信度和效度,能筛选出存在高风险跌倒的患者,但在实际运用中有待进一步检验和完善.Objective With methods of literature review, item test, reliability and validity test, etc., to develop a fall risk assessment scale specific to the obstetrical department, which, after reliability and validity test, can be used for women health care before, at and after delivery.Methods Items in the fall risk assessment scale for pregnant and maternal women were determined and weights were assigned by reviewing relative risk factors in literature, referring to items in other fall risk assessment tools from home and aboard. After a preliminary scale was formed, 154 pregnant and maternal women hospitalized from May to December 2016 were assessed, so that reliability and validity of the scale were tested.Results In this fall risk assessment scale for the obstetrical department, test-retest reliability was 0.822, interrater reliability was 0.926, content validity of expertise was 0.927, and area under the curve （ROC） was 0.750 （P〈0.05）. When the dividing value was 3.5, sum of sensitivity （0.714） and specificity （0.714） reached the max.Conclusions The new fall risk scale, with favorable reliability and validity, can filter patients with high risk of fall, yet, it is still to be testified and perfected in future application.

关 键 词：产科护理 意外跌倒 评估工具 信度 效度 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]