粪秆混合厌氧发酵渗滤床工艺的消化性能  

Anaerobic digestion capability of corn straw and cow manure by using labscale leach bed reactors system

作　　者：韦秀丽[1] 蒋滔[1] 李平[1] 刘科[1] 高立洪[1,2] 郑吉澍 董毛村 WEI Xiuli JIANG Tao LI Ping LIU Ke GAO Lihong ZHENG Jishu DONG Maocun(Chongqing Academy of Agrieuhural Seienees,Chongqing 401329, China Southern Scientific Observing and Experimental Station for Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agrieuhure Chongqing 401329, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业科学院,重庆401329 [2]农业部农村可再生能源开发利用南方科学观测实验站,重庆401329

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2017年第10期5644-5650,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2015BAL04B03);国家国际科技合作项目(2013DFA61260);重庆市社会民生科技创新专项(cstc2015shmszx80023);重庆市基础与前沿研究计划项目(cstc2015jcyj A80005);重庆市科技研发基地建设计划(国际科技合作)项目(cstc2013gjhz80001);重庆市农业科学院"百名博士引进培养工程"

摘　　要：以玉米秸秆-牛粪为原料,利用自行设计的渗滤床反应器(Leach bed reactors),对比研究了渗透液回流喷淋时间、喷淋量、发酵温度及粪秆比4因素对原料物能转化率的影响。结果表明:发酵结束后罐内物料的TS浓度在13%~15%之间,属于高浓度发酵范畴;9样品产气峰值出现在发酵后的10~14 d,物能转化率排序为L6>L2>L9>L7>L1>L8>L4>L5>L3;TS产气率相对较高的共同特点主要为35℃中温、较高的渗滤液回流量以及较高的粪秆比。通过TS产气率的直观分析,4因素对实验结果影响大小排序分别为发酵温度>粪秆比>喷淋量>喷淋时间间隔,得到的最佳工况参数为喷淋时间间隔2 h、喷淋量4 L、发酵温度35℃、粪秆比1∶1,此条件下得到的平均TS产气率为(98.4±3.5)mL·g^(-1)。方差分析结果表明,发酵温度、粪秆比及喷淋量对产气结果影响极显著,为控制渗滤床发酵工艺的主要参数。Anaerobic digestion can be classified as wet （L-AD）,hemi-solid （HS-AD）,or solid state （SS-AD）when the total solids （TS） of substrate are 10%,10% to 15%,or 15%,respectively.Compared to L-AD,HS-AD and SS-AD have several advantages,such as higher volumetric methane productivity,reduced energy requirements for heating,less wastewater generation,and more suitable to digest lignocellulosic biomass.Among all HS-AD technologies,leach bed reactors （LBRs） have the advantage of being robust,simple to run and require limited investment.In the present study,four factors were considered in the biogas yield of corn straw and cow manure in laboratory scale,including reflux interval,spray volume,fermentation temperature and the ratios of raw materials.The TS of substrate after fermentation reached a stable level at 13% to 15%,so the whole fermentation process was exactly HS-AD.It showed that the biogas peak value of 9 samples were appeared 10 to 14 d after fermentation.The order of material-energy conversion was L6 L2 L9 L7 L1 L8 L4 L5 L3,the major commonalities of relatively high TS biogas production rate were higher temperatures （35 ℃）,more leachate reflux,and suitable ratio of manure and straw.By visual analysis of biogas production,four factors affecting the test results in descending order were fermentation temperature manure-straw ratio spray volume spray interval.Therefore,the optimal anaerobic digestion conditions were the reflux interval of 2 h,spray volume of 4 L,manure-straw ratio of 1 ∶ 1 and the reaction temperature of 35 ℃,under which the average biogas production rate of TS was （98.4 ± 3.5） m L·g-1.Analysis of variance showed that the fermentation tempera-ture,the ratio of manure and straw,and the spray volume had significant effect on biogas production.And they are the main parameters for controlling the leach bed reactors system.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 牛粪 高浓度发酵 渗滤床反应器 沼液 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]