孕期注射乙型肝炎疫苗对新生儿乙型肝炎免疫的影响  

Effects of hepatitis B vaccine on neonatal hepatitis B immunity during pregnancy

作　　者：方利祥 太永日[1] FANG Lixiang TAI Yongri(Yanbian University College of Clinical Medicine, Yanji 133000, Jilin , China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学临床学院,吉林延吉133000

出　　处：《延边大学医学学报》2017年第2期127-129,共3页Journal of Medical Science Yanbian University

摘　　要：[目的]探讨孕期注射乙型肝炎疫苗对新生儿乙型肝炎免疫的影响.[方法]选择2015年2月至2016年9月间在延边大学附属医院行产前检查并进行分娩的HBsAg阴性孕妇200例,按照随机原则分为对照组和治疗组,每组各为100例.治疗组在孕24,28,36周时分别皮下注射给予乙型肝炎疫苗20μg,对照组不接种乙型肝炎疫苗.采用ELISA法检测乙型肝炎疫苗接种前后孕妇血液和两组所生新生儿脐带血中的HBsAb水平.[结果]孕妇接种乙型肝炎疫苗前体内HBsAb水平>10 U/L者占75%,>100U/L者占35%,接种乙型肝炎疫苗后体内HBsAb水平>10 U/L者占96%,>100 U/L者占70%,相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组孕妇接种乙型肝炎疫苗后所生新生儿脐带血HBsAb水平>10U/L者占90%,>100 U/L者占55%,而未接种乙型肝炎疫苗的对照组孕妇所生新生儿脐带血中HBsAb水平>10 U/L者占66%,>100 U/L者占30%,两组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).[结论]孕期中期(24周)开始常规接种乙型肝炎疫苗可提高孕妇体内HBsAb水平,亦可提高出生新生儿脐带血HBsAb水平.OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of hepatitis B vaccine on neonatal hepatitis B immunity during pregnancy.METHODS 200 cases of pregnant women with HBsAg（-）whose prenatal examination and delivery were carried out in Yanbian University Hospital were selected from February 2015 to September 2016,they were randomly divided into control group and treatment group,100 cases in each group.The pregnant women in the treatment group were given subcutaneous injection of hepatitis B vaccine 20μg at the 24 th,28th and 36 th week of pregnancy.The pregnant women in the control group were not vaccinated against hepatitis B.ELISA was used to detect the HBsAb level of pregnant women＇s blood before and after the hepatitis B vaccination and neonatal umbilical cord blood of the two groups.RESULTS The pregnant women with the HBsAb level greater than 10 U/L accounted for 75%,greater than 100 U/L accounted for 35% before the hepatitis B vaccination,while the pregnant women with the HBsAb level greater than 10 /L accounted for 96%,greater than 100U/L accounted for 70% after the hepatitis B vaccination,and the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.01）.The newborns of the treatment group with the HBsAb level in neonatal umbilical cord blood greater than 10 U/L accounted for 90%,greater than 100 U/L accounted for 55%,while the newborns of the control group with the HBsAb level in neonatal umbilical cord blood greater than 10 U/L accounted for 66%,greater than 100 U/L accounted for 30%,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P〈0.01）.CONCLUSION Starting routine hepatitis B vaccine at mid pregnancy（24 weeks）could improve the level of HBsAb in pregnant women,and also improve it in neonatal umbilical cord blood.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 疫苗 新生儿 

分 类 号：R575.1[医药卫生—消化系统]