汶川地震六年后救灾护士的创伤后成长水平及影响因素分析  

Influence factor and posttraumatic growth analysis about nurses after 6years of Wenchuan earthquake

作　　者：廖静萍 罗稀[2] 尹敏 李小麟[1] Liao Jingping Luo Xi Yin Min Li Xiaolin(Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院护理系,成都610041 [2]四川省肿瘤医院护理部 [3]北京协和医学院护理系

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2017年第26期2051-2055,共5页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的了解汶川地震6年后救灾护士的创伤后成长水平和影响因素。方法采用便利抽样，使用一般资料调查问卷和创伤后成长评定量表（PTGI），对736名曾参与过汶川地震救灾工作的护理人员进行横断面调查。结果汶川地震6年后救灾护士创伤后成长得分为（45．39±23．47）分。单因素分析结果显示，文化程度、家庭人均月收入、财产损失、参与的救援方式、健康状况、居住满意度、对社会支持的总体满意度、对家庭成员支持的满意度、对领导同事支持的满意度和对朋友亲戚支持的满意度不同的救灾护士其创伤后成长总评分差异有统计学意义（F=3．000—17．484，均P〈0．05或〈0．01），得到过心理支持和未得到过心理支持的救灾护士其创伤后成长总评分同样差异有统计学意义（t=3．657，P〈0．01）。多元线性回归分析得出，对朋友亲戚支持的满意度、是否得到过心理支持、家庭人均月收入、对领导同事支持的满意度对创伤后成长水平有影响，可解释度为7．5％。结论汶川地震6年后救灾护士的创伤后成长水平较低。救灾护士对朋友及亲戚支持的满意度、是否得到过心理支持、家庭人均月收入、对领导同事支持的满意度是创伤后成长的影响因素。Objective To understand the levels of posttraumatic growth in rescue nurses 6 years after the great Wenchuan earthquake, and analyze the reasons and influence factors. Methods The general information of the nurses and the post-traumatic growth inventory （PTGI） were used to carry out the cross- sectional study in 736 nurses who took part in the rescue works of the great Wenchuan earthquake. Results The average score of PTGI in rescue nurses was （45.39 ± 23.47） points.Rescue nurses had different posttraumatic growth who had different educational level （F=7.180, P=0.000）, household income monthly per capita, the type of rescue work, financial loss, health status, residential satisfaction, satisfaction with social support, satisfaction with family members, satisfaction with leaders and colleagues, satisfaction with friends and relatives（F =3.000-17.484, P〈0.050）. There was also a statistically significant difference between the score of nurses who had received psychological support and who had received no psychological support （t =-3.657, P 〈 0.05）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that satisfaction with friends and relatives, psychological support, household income monthly per capita and satisfaction with leaders and colleagues could affect the total score of PTGI. All the variables could explain 7.5% variance of posttraumatic growth. Conclusions Rescue nurses have relatively low posttraumatic growth. Satisfaction with friends and relatives, psychological support, household income monthly per capita and satisfaction with leaders and colleagues are related to the posttraumatic growth of rescue nurses.

关 键 词：护士 地震 创伤后成长 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]