基于正交试验和能量分析的生物柴油制备工艺研究  

Study on the process for preparation of biodiesel fuel based on orthogonal test and energy analysis

作　　者：孙小军 王旭荣[2] 毛功平[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]山东交通职业学院车辆工程学院,山东潍坊261206

出　　处：《广西大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第5期1884-1890,共7页Journal of Guangxi University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51376083);山东省高等学校科研计划资助项目(J13LD57);江苏省普通高校专业学位研究生实践创新计划资助项目(SJLX16_0429)

摘　　要：为了得到具有较高生物柴油产率而能量消耗较少的生物柴油制备工艺条件,文中以菜籽油为原料,Na OH为催化剂,采用酯交换法制备了生物柴油,运用单因素实验和正交实验对制备工艺条件进行了优化,采用能量分析方法对不同工艺条件下的能量消耗进行了对比分析,对制得生物柴油的组分和主要性能指标进行了测量和分析。结果表明,随醇油摩尔比、催化剂质量分数、反应时间和反应温度的增加,生物柴油的产率均呈现出先增后减的变化趋势,影响生物柴油产率的四种因素的主次关系为反应温度、催化剂质量分数、醇油摩尔比、反应时间;具有较高的产率和较少的总能量消耗的最优反应条件为醇油比为7∶1,催化剂质量分数1%,60℃温度条件下加热反应30 min,该条件下生物柴油的产率为86.77%,制得的生物柴油含有大量的不饱和脂肪酸甲酯和少量的饱和脂肪酸甲酯,其主要性能指标与我国生物柴油标准(GB/T 20828-2007)基本一致。In order to meet the requirements of high biodiesel yield and low energy consumption, biodiesel fuel was prepared by transesterification reaction using rapeseed oil as raw material and NaOHas catalyst. The preparation conditions were optimized by single factor and orthogonal experiments. Energy consumption under different conditions were compared by energy analysis. The composition and main performance of biodiesel fuel were measured and analyzed. The results showed that with the increase of the molar ratio of methanol to oil, mass fraction of catalyst, reaction time, and reaction temperature, the rate of biodiesel products all showed the trend of decrease after an initial increase. Primary and secondary relationships affecting the rate were reaction temperature, catalyst concentration, molar ratio of methanol to oil, and reaction time. The optimum reaction conditions with higher yield and less total energy consumption were obtained as that： methanol and oil molar ratio of 7 ： 1, catalyst mass fraction of 1% , reaction temperature of 60 ~C and reaction time of 30 minutes. The biodiesel yield was 86. 77%. There was a lot of unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester and a small amount of saturated fatty acid methyl ester in the products of biodiesel. The main performances of biodiesel were consistent with China biodiesel standard （ GB / T 20828-2007）.

关 键 词：菜籽油 生物柴油 正交实验 酯交换反应 催化剂 能量分析 

分 类 号：U473.4[机械工程—车辆工程] TK42[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]