中国蔬菜产业转型升级对策探讨(下)  

Countermeasures for transformation and upgrading of vegetable industry in China

作　　者：张真和[1] 

机构地区：[1]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京市100125

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2017年第9期88-94,共7页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

摘　　要：（接上期）4.2.7生物垃圾处理机械化蔬菜园区的复种指数高,田园清洁工作不彻底是许多病虫害滋生蔓延之根源。长期以来,老黄病叶、病残烂果、衰败老化的茎蔓残株、尾菜等菜田生物垃圾,主要采取工清除沤制农家肥或地头道边丢弃、自然干燥后焚烧等方式处理,乱丢、乱堆、乱扔现象普遍存在,容易成为病虫害传染源。近年来,北京市植保站与与有关厂家合作研发推出的菜田生物垃圾快速处理技术装备（见图21、图22）,According to the development status of vegetable industry of China in recent years,several characteristics of domestic vegetable producing and marketing have been found,including the production is more than enough,the variety is rich,the increase is significant,the qualified rate of pesticide residues remains good,the market supply balance is good,the international trade keeps a favorable balance,and so on.Compared with other countries,the production scale,output and export scale of China all ranked first in the world,which keeps relatively high production capacity（average yield per unit）,and remarkable producer price competitive advantage.However,there are some existing problems,which are industrial organization development is seriously lagging behind,the disaster resistance ability is weak because of the poor industry base,the quality and safety hidden danger is difficult to be eliminated,highly increased costs and continuously declined comparative benefits,and so on.Several suggestions for promoting the healthy and rapid development of vegetable industry in China are proposed,including improving the management of whole industry chain,actively promoting the mechanization and intellectualization,promoting the construction of high standard farmland,implementing the green pest prevention and control,developing the intensive and enterprises seedling raising,improving the disaster resistant capacity of vegetables,advancing scale and standardized soilless culture,developing urban micro plant factory,and so on.

关 键 词：产业转型 蔬菜 中国 生物垃圾 复种指数 垃圾处理 清洁工作 自然干燥 

分 类 号：S63[农业科学—蔬菜学]