变频风机纵向通风在冬季无窗密闭式兔舍中的保温和通风效果研究  

Heat preservation and ventilation effect of the speed control tunnel ventilation in the rabbit house in winter

作　　者：葛绍标 刘丹[1] 刘中英[1] 刘鹏[1] 阎英凯 李琴[1] 吴中红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院/动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]青岛康大兔业发展有限公司,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2017年第10期28-32,共5页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：十二五科技支撑项目(2014BAD08B08-3);公益性行业农业专项(201303145);国家兔产业技术体系(CARS-44-D-4)

摘　　要：对变频风机纵向通风系统在青岛无窗密闭式兔舍冬季的保温和通风效果进行了研究。结果表明:在舍外日平均温度-23℃、日最低温度-29℃时,繁殖兔舍和商品兔舍内日平均温度分别为104℃和80℃,日最低温度分别为95℃和72℃,CO_2浓度分别为016%和015%,NH_3浓度分别为688 mg/m3和608 mg/m^3;两栋兔舍内温湿度和有害气体浓度分布均匀,气流组织良好,舍内进风端的温度较舍外分别提升了73℃和64℃;舍内CO_2和NH_3浓度随通风量升高而明显降低(P<001),NH_3浓度随通风量增加而降低的趋势较CO_2平缓,NH_3浓度变化呈现明显的滞后。试验期间繁殖母兔发情率(933%)、受胎率(940%)、产仔率(870%)和窝产仔数(81只)均达到较高水平。结论:在冬季气候较为温和的青岛地区,湿帘-风机纵向通风系统的进风口导流改造和采用变频风机调节换气量,可有效缓解冬季进风端温度过低问题,温湿度和气流分布均匀,兔舍空气质量良好。The speed control tunnel ventilation of rabbit house in Qingdao was tested to find out the heat preservation and ventilation effectin winter. The results showed that as the average and minimum outdoor temperature were-2 3 ℃ and-2 9 ℃, the average and minimumindoor temperature, CO_2 and NH_3 concentration of the breeding rabbit house were 10 4 ℃, 9 5 ℃, 0 16% and 6 88 mg/m^3, respectively.In addition, the average and minimum indoor temperature, CO_2 and NH_3 concentration of the breeding rabbit house and commodity rabbit house were 8 0 ℃, 7 2 ℃, 0 15% and 6 08 mg/m^3, respectively. The temperature, humidity and concentration distribution of harmful ga-ses were evenly distributed, and the air distribution was good. The fresh air temperature through the curtain air inlet increased by 7 3 ℃ and6 4 ℃ in the two rabbit houses. The CO_2 and NH_3 concentration obviously decreased with ventilation rate increased（P〈0.01）. Further-more, the change of NH_3 was gentle and obvious lagging. During the experiment, the estrous rate（93 3%）, fetal rate（94 0%）, yield rate（87 0%） and the litter number（8 1） were all higher. Therefore, when added the wind deflector in the pad air inlet and used the frequencyconversion fans to provide minimum ventilation rate in the tunnel ventilation system, it could solve the problem of cold daft around the air in-let form a uniform temperature humidity and air flow distribution, and the air quality of the rabbit house was considerably improved.

关 键 词：纵向通风 密闭兔舍 变频风机 冬季 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]