表界面调控晶体变化微观机制探索与铬渣治理研究的结合  

The Application of Micro-Mechanism of Crystal Changes under the Surface/Interface Control in Treating Chromium-Containing Residues

作　　者：刘炜珍 郑嘉毅 吴智诚[2] 刘章斌 林璋 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学环境与能源学院工业聚集区污染控制与生态修复教育部重点实验室广东省环境纳米材料工程技术研究中心,广州510006 [2]中国科学院福建物质结构研究所,福州350002

出　　处：《化学进展》2017年第9期1053-1061,共9页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21125730;21607045);国家重点研发计划(No.2013CB934302);中科院纳米先导专项A(No.XDA09030203)资助~~

摘　　要：铬作为首要战略金属之一,在国民经济中有着重要地位。我国铬资源匮乏,但同时铬渣污染问题严重,亟需解决。本文阐述了目前对铬渣进行解毒处理和对其中的铬提取处理这两大类技术的优缺点和所面临的瓶颈,指出对铬渣的物相及铬的赋存状态进行深入的微结构分析是实现铬渣中铬有效提取的核心关键。本文综述了目前国际上铬渣微结构分析的研究现状,总结了本研究团队将表界面调控晶相/晶面变化的微观机制的研究认识用以指导铬渣中铬的提取的研究进展,展望了这种新的研究思路和技术手段实现铬渣变废为宝的潜力和发展趋势。As one of the primary strategic metal,chromium plays an important role in the national economy in China. However,the chromium resource is seriously insufficient meanwhile the chromium pollution is severe in China. This article elaborates the advantages and disadvantages of the current detoxification methods and chromium extraction methods for the chromium-containing residues as well as the bottlenecks they are faced with. It points out that,for developing an effective extraction method for chromium from chromium-containing residues,the micro-structural analysis for the mineral phases of the chromium-containing residues and the thorough investigation on the chemical states,combined forms and distribution of chromium in each mineral phase are crucial. M oreover,this article summarizes the current international research of the micro-structural analysis of chromium-containing residues. This article also introduces the work of our research group that applies the understanding of micro-mechanism of crystal growth and transformation under the surface/interface control onchromium extraction from chromium-containing residue. This newidea and technology are instructional for achieving the combination of detoxification and reclamation for chromium-containing residues. Finally,the potentiality and developing tendency of this idea as well as the technologies of chromium extraction from chromium-containing residue via crystal growth and mineral phase transformation are prospected.

关 键 词：铬渣 资源回收 微观结构 表界面调控 晶体生长 

分 类 号：X13[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X705