浙江省流行性乙型脑炎流行病学特征分析  

An analysis on epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis in Zhejiang Province

作　　者：邓璇[1] 严睿[1] 唐学雯[1] 周洋[1] 严菊英[1] 何寒青[1] 符剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310051

出　　处：《预防医学》2017年第10期994-998,共5页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

摘　　要：目的了解2007—2016年浙江省流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)的流行病学特征,为防制乙脑提供依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统导出2007—2016年浙江省乙脑病例资料,从《浙江疾病预防控制年鉴》收集浙江省历年乙脑疫苗使用和乙脑疫情资料,对浙江省乙脑报告病例的三间分布、预防接种及血清学检测结果进行描述性分析。结果 2007—2016年浙江省共报告乙脑病例595例,采集到559例病例的血清和(或)脑脊液标本,采集率为93.94%,实验室确诊病例559例(93.95%),年均报告发病率为0.11/10万;报告死亡20例,病死率为3.36%。2007—2016年浙江省乙脑报告发病率总体呈下降趋势,2016年乙脑报告发病率低至0.03/10万。年均报告发病率较高的地区为台州(0.20/10万)、湖州(0.19/10万)和宁波(0.15/10万)。7月为发病高峰,发病517例,占全部病例的86.89%。发病人群主要为<15岁儿童(510例),占85.71%;以散居儿童为主(284例),占47.73%。571例≥8月龄乙脑病例中,全程接种乙脑疫苗占8.76%,未全程接种和明确接种但剂次不详合计占14.01%,无接种史和接种史不详合计占77.23%。结论浙江省乙脑病例呈散发状态,台州和湖州发病率较高,<15岁散居儿童为主要发病人群,7月为发病高峰,无疫苗接种史和接种史不详者比例较高。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis（JE） in Zhejiang Province from 2007 to 2016 for developing the measures of control and prevention. Methods The data were collected from national notifiable diseases registry system（NNDRS） and case-based JE surveillance system（JESS） from 2007 to 2016, and they were analyzed through descriptive epidemiological method and Microsoft Office Excel 2010. Results From 2007 to2016,a total of 595 JE cases were reported in Zhejiang Province,with an average annual incidence of 0.114 per 100 000 population, among which, 559（93.95%） were laboratory confirmed. During the ten years, 20 cases died and the average annual case fatality rate was 3.36%. Cases were distributed mainly in Wenzhou, Ningbo and Taizhou Cities,which accounting for 54.79% of the total.The peak months were July, accounting for 86.89% of all the cases.And85.71% of all the cases were in the age of 0-14 years and 47.73% were scattered children.And 22.77% of the JE cases were vaccinated but 14.01% of them did not complete the whole course.And 77.23% of the cases did not have the experience of vaccination or unknown.Conclusion The incidence of JE is decreasing. The occurrence of JE is sporadic with distinct seasonal peak and mainly concentrating in young-age children.

关 键 词：流行性乙型脑炎 流行病学 发病特征 

分 类 号：B512.32[哲学宗教—外国哲学]